Youssif Mahmoud M, Wojnicki Marek
Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Krakow, al. A. Mickewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
Materials (Basel). 2025 May 1;18(9):2083. doi: 10.3390/ma18092083.
The current work synthesizes and characterizes a new FeO/SiO/PANI-SDBS nanocomposite designed as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Cd and Pb ions from contaminated water. The process includes the polymerization of aniline on the FeO/SiO nanocomposite in the presence of SDBS. The FeO/SiO/PANI-SDBS nanocomposite was characterized by using a variety of techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SEM, BET, TGA, zeta potential measurements, and particle size distribution analysis, to evaluate its magnetic, structural, and surface properties. For the elimination of both Cd and Pb ions, ideal adsorption parameters were examined, including pH, adsorbent dose, and contact duration. The solution medium's optimal pH for achieving the highest effectiveness of elimination for both metal ions was decided to be 7.0. The FeO/SiO/PANI-SDBS adsorbent demonstrated high adsorption capacities for both Pb (72.20 mg g) and Cd (67.84 mg g) at pH 7, with corresponding removal efficiencies of over 94.10% and 77.47%, respectively. This efficiency is attributed to the composite's large specific surface area and the strong binding affinity of its PANI and SDBS functional groups toward heavy metal ions. Multilayer adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces was shown by isotherm analysis that matched the Freundlich model and adsorption kinetic investigations that showed strong conformance with pseudo-second order for both metal ions. The thermodynamic study proves endothermic and spontaneous process for the removal of metal ions. Furthermore, the adsorbent may be readily recovered from solution thanks to the magnetic core, and regeneration by acid treatment enables reusability with consistent adsorption efficiency across several cycles, making it a cost-effective and sustainable option for continuous water purification processes. Its high adsorption capacity and reusability also make it suitable for use in emergency-response situations, such as the rapid cleanup of wastewater.
当前的工作合成并表征了一种新型的FeO/SiO/PANI-SDBS纳米复合材料，该材料被设计为一种高效吸附剂，用于从受污染水中去除镉和铅离子。该过程包括在十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）存在的情况下，在FeO/SiO纳米复合材料上进行苯胺的聚合反应。通过使用多种技术对FeO/SiO/PANI-SDBS纳米复合材料进行了表征，包括傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、比表面积分析仪（BET）、热重分析（TGA）、zeta电位测量和粒度分布分析，以评估其磁性、结构和表面性质。为了去除镉和铅离子，研究了理想的吸附参数，包括pH值、吸附剂剂量和接触时间。确定溶液介质实现两种金属离子最高去除效率的最佳pH值为7.0。FeO/SiO/PANI-SDBS吸附剂在pH值为7时对铅（72.20 mg/g）和镉（67.84 mg/g）均表现出高吸附容量，相应的去除效率分别超过94.10%和77.47%。这种效率归因于该复合材料的大比表面积以及其聚苯胺（PANI）和十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）官能团对重金属离子的强结合亲和力。等温线分析表明在非均相表面上存在多层吸附，这与弗伦德利希模型相符，吸附动力学研究表明两种金属离子均与准二级动力学有很强的一致性。热力学研究证明了去除金属离子的过程是吸热且自发的。此外，由于磁性核心，吸附剂可以很容易地从溶液中回收，通过酸处理进行再生能够在多个循环中保持一致的吸附效率实现可重复使用，使其成为连续水净化过程中具有成本效益和可持续性的选择。其高吸附容量和可重复使用性也使其适用于应急情况，例如废水的快速清理。
