Zdanowicz Katarzyna, Rycyk Artur, Lebensztejn Dariusz Marek, Daniluk Urszula
Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Apr 23;14(9):2906. doi: 10.3390/jcm14092906.
: In recent years, there has been an increase in the prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), in which dysphagia is one of the main symptoms. To date, there are few data on the prevalence of EoE in pediatric patients with dysphagia. The aim of this study was to determine the causes of dysphagia in children in our region. The second aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of EoE in children with swallowing difficulties and to see if there were differences in the characteristics of dysphagia reported by children with EoE compared to children with non-EoE-related dysphagia. : The 6-year retrospective analysis included patients with dysphagia who were referred to our department. Children with dysphagia were further divided into two groups: group I consisted of children with dysphagia due to EoE, while group II consisted of children with dysphagia due to other causes (non-EoE). : One hundred and forty-six children between the ages 0 and 17 were enrolled into the study, including thirty-seven in group I and one hundred and nine in group II. The most common causes of dysphagia were gastrointestinal diseases, followed by neurological/psychiatric disorders. The prevalence of EoE was 25.34% in the whole study group and 41.11% considering only gastrointestinal causes of dysphagia. Children in group I were more likely to have coexisting asthma, allergic rhinitis and food allergy. There was statistically significance in higher blood eosinophil count in EoE individuals. In a multivariate binominal logistic regression model, only eosinophilia and coexisting food allergy were associated with an increased risk of EoE in patients with dysphagia. : In our study, the most common cause of dysphagia was gastroenterological diseases, especially EoE. Patients with dysphagia, comorbid allergy and peripheral blood eosinophilia should be suspected for having EoE and referred for endoscopy.
近年来，嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎（EoE）的患病率有所上升，吞咽困难是其主要症状之一。迄今为止，关于吞咽困难的儿科患者中EoE患病率的数据很少。本研究的目的是确定我们地区儿童吞咽困难的原因。本研究的第二个目的是估计吞咽困难儿童中EoE的患病率，并观察与非EoE相关吞咽困难的儿童相比，EoE儿童报告的吞咽困难特征是否存在差异。：这项6年的回顾性分析纳入了转诊至我科的吞咽困难患者。吞咽困难的儿童进一步分为两组：第一组由EoE导致吞咽困难的儿童组成，而第二组由其他原因（非EoE）导致吞咽困难的儿童组成。：146名年龄在0至17岁之间的儿童被纳入研究，其中第一组37名，第二组109名。吞咽困难最常见的原因是胃肠道疾病，其次是神经/精神疾病。在整个研究组中，EoE的患病率为25.34%，仅考虑吞咽困难的胃肠道原因时为41.11%。第一组儿童更易同时患有哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和食物过敏。EoE患者的血液嗜酸性粒细胞计数较高具有统计学意义。在多变量二项逻辑回归模型中，只有嗜酸性粒细胞增多和并存的食物过敏与吞咽困难患者发生EoE的风险增加有关。：在我们的研究中，吞咽困难最常见的原因是胃肠疾病，尤其是EoE。吞咽困难、合并过敏和外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多的患者应怀疑患有EoE并转诊进行内镜检查。
