Rahmi Azimatur, Olvia Bella Vista, Saufani Iza Ayu
Republic of Indonesia Defense University Faculty of Military Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, West Java, Indonesia.
Mohammad Natsir University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, West Sumatra, Indonesia.
Turk J Pharm Sci. 2025 May 14;22(2):77-82. doi: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2025.40070.
Capsules are pharmaceutical preparations that are enclosed in hard or soft capsule shells made of gelatin. Because gelatin is typically generated from non-halal materials, there is a need for alternative raw materials for making capsule shells, one of which is carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC), which is synthesized from cellulose.
This study aims to find alternative raw materials for the manufacture of capsule shells from cellulose-containing leaves. Then, the isolated cellulose was treated with sodium Na-CMC using the alkalization and carboxymethylation methods.
The cellulose that was produced fulfills the requirements for continuing the synthesis of Na-CMC. The yield of Na-CMC produced was 83.83%, with a pH of 6; dispersed in water and insoluble in ethanol and ether; a degree of substitution of 0.83; and a water content of 12%. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy study results show the presence of functional groups such as O-H at 3332 cm, C-H at 2930 cm, C=C at 2050 cm, O-Na at 1588.82 cm, and C-O at 1020.16 cm. The resulting capsule shell has the following properties: transparency, a slightly cream color, a somewhat firm texture, no odor, and a moisture content of 20%.
As a result, it is possible to establish that Na-CMC from the leaves can be used as a raw material for capsule shells.
胶囊是一种被包裹在由明胶制成的硬胶囊壳或软胶囊壳中的药物制剂。由于明胶通常由非清真材料制成，因此需要用于制造胶囊壳的替代原材料，其中之一是由纤维素合成的羧甲基纤维素（Na-CMC）。
本研究旨在寻找从含纤维素的叶子中制造胶囊壳的替代原材料。然后，使用碱化和羧甲基化方法，将分离出的纤维素用Na-CMC处理。
所生产的纤维素满足继续合成Na-CMC的要求。所生产的Na-CMC产率为83.83%，pH值为6；分散于水中，不溶于乙醇和乙醚；取代度为0.83；含水量为12%。傅里叶变换红外光谱研究结果表明存在如下官能团：在3332cm处的O-H、在2930cm处的C-H、在2050cm处的C=C、在1588.82cm处的O-Na以及在1020.16cm处的C-O。所得到的胶囊壳具有以下性质：透明度、略带米色、质地稍硬、无气味以及含水量为20%。
因此，可以确定从叶子中提取的Na-CMC可用作胶囊壳的原材料。
