Cobbinah Andrew Evans, Sackey Benedict, Ofosu Mina, Dankluvi Herbert Ekoe, Opoku Stephen, Frank Ampa Davis
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Hematol Transfus Cell Ther. 2025 May 13;47(3):103733. doi: 10.1016/j.htct.2025.103733.
The most prevalent metabolic condition of red blood cells, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, affects around 35 million people globally. The highest prevalence is seen in tropical and subtropical areas of the eastern hemisphere, where it can affect up to 35 % of the population. G6PD deficiency, the most prevalent enzyme deficit, is not currently tested for in blood products. G6PD deficiency is a genetic factor that influences the quality of stored red blood cells impacting their ability to respond to oxidative stress. This hospital-based cross-sectional study aimed at assessing the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in donor blood and the impact of the enzyme deficiency on red cell indices during storage.
A total of 57 blood bags were screened for G6PD deficiency. Red cell indices and blood film comments were investigated on Day 0, Day 7 and Day 14 of storage.
Eight out of 57 (14 %) had the G6PD full defect and 86 % (49/57) had no defect. Over the course of 14 days storage, the hemoglobin and red blood cell count significantly decreased in G6PD-deficient blood units with a corresponding significant increase in mean corpuscular volume and red cell distribution width-standard deviation compared to baseline and normal G6PD activity. The blood film comment showed 85.7 % normocytic normochromic, 2.0 % microcytic hypochromic and 12.2 % macrocytic hyperchromic from G6PD-non-deficient donors whereas G6PD-deficient donors had 75 % normocytic normochromic with 12.5 % microcytic hypochromic and 12.5 % macrocytic hypochromic after 2 wk in storage.
Red blood cell count and hemoglobin reduce significantly in G6PD-deficient donor units during storage with an associated increased mean corpuscular volume indicating progressive loss of the cellular membrane homeostatic mechanism that could potentially result in further hemolysis during long term storage.
红细胞最常见的代谢状况——葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺乏症，全球约有3500万人受其影响。在东半球的热带和亚热带地区发病率最高，可达当地人口的35%。G6PD缺乏症是最常见的酶缺乏症，目前在血液制品检测中并未进行此项检测。G6PD缺乏症是一种遗传因素，会影响储存红细胞的质量，进而影响其应对氧化应激的能力。这项基于医院的横断面研究旨在评估献血者血液中G6PD缺乏症的患病率，以及该酶缺乏对储存期间红细胞指数的影响。
共筛查了57袋血液的G6PD缺乏情况。在储存的第0天、第7天和第14天，对红细胞指数和血涂片情况进行了调查。
57份样本中有8份（14%）存在G6PD完全缺陷，86%（49/57）无缺陷。在14天的储存过程中，与基线和正常G6PD活性相比，G6PD缺乏的血液单位中血红蛋白和红细胞计数显著下降，平均红细胞体积和红细胞分布宽度标准差相应显著增加。血涂片结果显示，G6PD非缺乏献血者中有85.7%为正细胞正色素性，2.0%为小细胞低色素性，12.2%为大细胞高色素性；而G6PD缺乏的献血者在储存2周后，75%为正细胞正色素性，12.5%为小细胞低色素性，12.5%为大细胞低色素性。
G6PD缺乏的献血者单位在储存期间红细胞计数和血红蛋白显著降低，同时平均红细胞体积增加，表明细胞膜稳态机制逐渐丧失，这可能会导致长期储存期间进一步溶血。
