Gao Bocheng, Lu Yan, Lai Xingyue, Xu Xi, Gou Shuhua, Yang Zhida, Gong Yanju, Yang Hong
School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Apr 30;16:1592837. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1592837. eCollection 2025.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with limited treatment options for advanced stages. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, enabling tumor cells to adapt to the harsh tumor microenvironment (TME) and evade immune surveillance. This review involves the role of metabolic reprogramming in HCC, focusing on the dysregulation of glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, and its impact on immune evasion. Key metabolic pathways, such as the Warburg effect, fatty acid synthesis, and glutaminolysis, are discussed, along with their influence on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and immune cell function. Targeting these metabolic alterations presents a promising therapeutic approach to enhance immunotherapy efficacy and improve HCC patient outcomes.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一，晚期治疗选择有限。代谢重编程是癌症的一个标志，使肿瘤细胞能够适应恶劣的肿瘤微环境（TME）并逃避免疫监视。本综述涉及代谢重编程在HCC中的作用，重点关注葡萄糖、脂质和氨基酸代谢的失调及其对免疫逃逸的影响。讨论了关键的代谢途径，如瓦伯格效应、脂肪酸合成和谷氨酰胺分解代谢，以及它们对肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）和免疫细胞功能的影响。针对这些代谢改变提出了一种有前景的治疗方法，以提高免疫治疗疗效并改善HCC患者的预后。
