Manzouri Leila, Seyed-Nezhad Maryam, Rajabi-Vasokolaei Ghasem, Arabi Alireza, Moardi-Joo Mohammad
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
National Center for Health Insurance Research, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Womens Health. 2025 May 15;25(1):231. doi: 10.1186/s12905-025-03770-8.
Domestic violence (DV) is the most common form of violence against women with the most social, psychological and economic consequences. Various factors affect DV against women. Several studies were conducted in Iran, each of which focused on a part or level of factors affecting DV. Therefore, this scoping review was conducted to determine the factors affecting violence against women in Iran.
In this scoping review study, databases Magiran, IranDoc, Islamic World Science Citation Database (ISC), Scientific Information Database (SID) were used to collect studies published in Persian and databases PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science from the beginning to June 2024 were searched. Google Scholar search engine was used to find relevant sources and complete the search coverage. The process of searching and selecting studies was drawn using PRISMA Diagram. To analyze the data, according to the evidence, the main factors and sub-factors were extracted by two authors independently. Then the data was sifted and sorted.
Out of 491 identified studies, 81 were included in this study; the sample size of these studies was 42,239. Based on the obtained results, 6 main factors and 21 sub-factors affecting DV against women are: individual factors (age, education, marriage, and children), social factors (addiction, interference of others, history of violence, divorce, family structure, marital relationship, social class, and social capital), psychological factors, pregnancy factors, economic factors (income, employment, residence status, economic class, and economic status) and cultural factors (patriarchy, tradition, cultural development, and ethnicity).
The results of our study showed that several factors are effective on domestic violence against women, so policy makers and health system managers should look for solutions to reduce this health and social problem. Factors such as the expansion of counseling and treatment centers in comprehensive health service centers, life skills training, interventions appropriate to cultures and social norms, and the implementation of campaigns to increase awareness of DV are particularly important in reducing this phenomenon in society.
家庭暴力（DV）是针对女性最常见的暴力形式，具有最严重的社会、心理和经济后果。多种因素影响针对女性的家庭暴力。伊朗开展了多项研究，每项研究都聚焦于影响家庭暴力的部分因素或层面。因此，开展这项范围综述以确定伊朗针对女性暴力行为的影响因素。
在这项范围综述研究中，使用了数据库Magiran、IranDoc、伊斯兰世界科学引文数据库（ISC）、科学信息数据库（SID）来收集以波斯语发表的研究，并检索了截至2024年6月的PubMed、Scopus、Science Direct和科学网数据库。使用谷歌学术搜索引擎查找相关来源并完善搜索范围。使用PRISMA图表绘制搜索和选择研究的过程。为分析数据，两位作者根据证据独立提取主要因素和子因素。然后对数据进行筛选和分类。
在491项已识别的研究中，本研究纳入了81项；这些研究的样本量为42239。根据所得结果，影响针对女性家庭暴力的6个主要因素和21个子因素为：个人因素（年龄、教育、婚姻和子女）、社会因素（成瘾、他人干预、暴力史、离婚、家庭结构、婚姻关系、社会阶层和社会资本）、心理因素、怀孕因素、经济因素（收入、就业、居住状况、经济阶层和经济状况）和文化因素（父权制、传统、文化发展和种族）。
我们的研究结果表明，多种因素对针对女性的家庭暴力有影响，因此政策制定者和卫生系统管理者应寻求解决方案以减少这一健康和社会问题。在综合健康服务中心扩大咨询和治疗中心、开展生活技能培训、实施符合文化和社会规范的干预措施以及开展提高对家庭暴力认识的活动等因素，对于减少社会中的这一现象尤为重要。
