Anbazhagan Madhan Kumar, Mahalingam Shalini
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha Engineering College, Chennai, India.
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, St Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, India.
Sci Prog. 2025 Apr-Jun;108(2):368504241300842. doi: 10.1177/00368504241300842. Epub 2025 May 15.
Nanofibers and nanocomposites have emerged as critical materials in biomedical applications, particularly for tissue engineering and medication delivery. These sophisticated nanomaterials are at the forefront of study because of their distinct features, which improve biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and functional adaptability. This review examines the most recent advances in nanomaterial production, characteristics, and applications, demonstrating their transformational promise in medicinal treatments and tissue engineering procedures. The advancement of advanced production processes such as electrospinning, self-assembly, and in situ, polymerization has substantially improved the structural and functional properties of nanofibers and nanocomposites. These techniques have resulted in materials with a high surface area-to-volume ratio, customizable degradation rates, and the capacity to closely imitate the extracellular matrix, making them great candidates for scaffolding and controlled drug delivery systems. The flexibility of nanofibers and nanocomposites in these applications is also notable because it offers new avenues for concentrated and sustained drug administration, which is critical for treating a variety of medical problems. Furthermore, these materials have demonstrated tremendous potential in regenerative medicine, providing novel solutions for the formation of bone, cartilage, skin, and neural tissues. The capacity to create tissues that closely resemble natural shapes and functions holds enormous promise for solving tissue repair and regeneration difficulties. As improvements continue, the incorporation of nanotechnology into biomedical engineering is projected to transform healthcare by providing more effective, targeted, and personalized treatments. These advancements mark a tremendous step forward, demonstrating the revolutionary power of nanofibers and nanocomposites in the future of medicine. The continuing investigation and development of these materials are anticipated to result in innovative medicines that improve patient outcomes and advance the profession of biomedical engineering.
纳米纤维和纳米复合材料已成为生物医学应用中的关键材料，特别是在组织工程和药物递送方面。这些先进的纳米材料因其独特的特性而处于研究前沿，这些特性可提高生物相容性、机械强度和功能适应性。本综述探讨了纳米材料生产、特性和应用的最新进展，展示了它们在药物治疗和组织工程程序中的变革潜力。静电纺丝、自组装和原位聚合等先进生产工艺的进步显著改善了纳米纤维和纳米复合材料的结构和功能特性。这些技术已产生了具有高表面积与体积比、可定制降解速率以及紧密模仿细胞外基质能力的材料，使其成为支架和控释药物递送系统的理想候选材料。纳米纤维和纳米复合材料在这些应用中的灵活性也很显著，因为它为集中和持续给药提供了新途径，这对于治疗各种医学问题至关重要。此外，这些材料在再生医学中已显示出巨大潜力，为骨、软骨、皮肤和神经组织的形成提供了新的解决方案。创建与自然形状和功能非常相似的组织的能力为解决组织修复和再生难题带来了巨大希望。随着改进的持续，将纳米技术纳入生物医学工程预计将通过提供更有效、有针对性和个性化的治疗来改变医疗保健。这些进展标志着巨大的进步，展示了纳米纤维和纳米复合材料在医学未来的变革力量。预计对这些材料的持续研究和开发将产生创新药物，改善患者预后并推动生物医学工程专业的发展。
