Menoni Macarena, Alcoba Pablo, Zuluaga María J, Peluffo R Daniel
Group of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, CENUR Litoral Norte, Universidad de La República, Rivera 1350, CP: 50000, Salto, Uruguay.
Biophys Rev. 2025 Mar 14;17(2):547-560. doi: 10.1007/s12551-025-01298-7. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, such as superoxide and peroxynitrite anions, are produced in our body as a result of normal metabolic functions or under pathologic conditions (oxidative and nitro-oxidative stress). A well-documented battery of antioxidant enzymes and cofactors are in place to fight this stress and restore the redox balance of the cell. However, comprehensive information on the generation of these reactive species by exposing cell components to ultraviolet (UV) light, specifically UVA and UVB sunlight, is scarce or missing. In this short review, we attempt to cover several enzymes and cofactors that are targets of UV radiation as it relates to the production (or consumption) of these oxidants, and, when known, discuss the underlying mechanisms. Because of their key importance, UV light effects on DNA are briefly discussed.
活性氧和氮物种，如超氧阴离子和过氧亚硝酸盐阴离子，在我们体内是正常代谢功能的结果，或是在病理条件下（氧化和硝基氧化应激）产生的。一系列有充分文献记载的抗氧化酶和辅助因子可用于对抗这种应激并恢复细胞的氧化还原平衡。然而，关于通过将细胞成分暴露于紫外线（UV），特别是UVA和UVB日光下而产生这些活性物种的全面信息却很少或缺失。在这篇简短的综述中，我们试图涵盖几种作为紫外线辐射靶点的酶和辅助因子，因为它们与这些氧化剂的产生（或消耗）有关，并在已知的情况下讨论其潜在机制。由于其至关重要性，我们还简要讨论了紫外线对DNA的影响。
