Chen Yushu, Yu Mengdi, Zhang Junbao, Wang Xuesong, Shao Qingyi, Yang Sen, Cao Jiaang, Li Shanshan, Liu Lijie
College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, 42 Wenhua street, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China.
AoB Plants. 2025 Mar 31;17(2):plaf019. doi: 10.1093/aobpla/plaf019. eCollection 2025 Feb.
To increase the cannabidiol (CBD) content of industrial hemp, male hemp was screened out by spraying cytokinin at the three-leaf stage of seedlings, and more female hemp was cultivated. 6-BA 60 mg·L treated female flowers of industrial hemp were subjected to transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses to investigate the changes and molecular mechanisms of gene expression and metabolites and related pathways of 6-BA in the development of female flowers of industrial hemp. The results showed that 1189 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 168 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), and 138 DAMs were screened compared with the control. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that phytohormone signaling, starch and sucrose metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropane metabolism, and glutathione metabolism were the major pathways enriched, and differential genes, proteins, and metabolites enriched in the above pathways were further followed up and analyzed. It was found that, among them, , and C4H were the key genes and proteins involved in the phenylpropane metabolic pathway, and were not only the upstream genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, but were also involved in the synthesis of phytohormones and catabolism. was related to the synthesis of saccharides. It was hypothesized that the carbohydrates might synergistically act with cytokinins to induce female flower differentiation in industrial hemp. The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and glutathione metabolism pathway are also closely related to feminization. This paper provides a reference for subsequent studies on sex differentiation in hemp or other plants.
为提高工业大麻的大麻二酚（CBD）含量，在幼苗三叶期喷施细胞分裂素筛选出雄株大麻，从而培育出更多雌株大麻。对经60 mg·L 6-苄氨基腺嘌呤（6-BA）处理的工业大麻雌花进行转录组、蛋白质组和代谢组分析，以研究6-BA在工业大麻雌花发育过程中基因表达、代谢产物及相关途径的变化和分子机制。结果表明，与对照相比，筛选出1189个差异表达基因（DEGs）、168个差异表达蛋白（DEPs）和138个差异积累代谢物（DAMs）。功能富集分析表明，植物激素信号转导、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、类黄酮生物合成、苯丙烷代谢和谷胱甘肽代谢是主要富集途径，并对上述途径中富集的差异基因、蛋白质和代谢物进行了进一步追踪分析。研究发现，其中苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、肉桂酸4-羟化酶（C4H）是参与苯丙烷代谢途径的关键基因和蛋白，查尔酮合酶（CHS）、黄烷酮3-羟化酶（F3H）不仅是类黄酮生物合成途径的上游基因，而且还参与植物激素的合成和分解代谢。尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶（UGP）与糖类合成有关。推测糖类可能与细胞分裂素协同作用，诱导工业大麻雌花分化。类黄酮生物合成途径和谷胱甘肽代谢途径也与雌性化密切相关。本文为后续大麻或其他植物性别分化研究提供参考。
