本科医学、健康科学和技术专业学生对器官捐赠与移植的态度和知识
Undergraduate medical, health science, and technical students' attitudes and knowledge on organ donation and transplantation.
作者信息
Sinda Ida, Lehto Pasi, Koivusalo Anna-Maria, Sälkiö Sinikka, Stauffer Hilja-Maaria, Ala-Kokko Tero
机构信息
Research Group of Intensive Care Medicine, Intensive Care Center, Research Unit of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu and Medical Research Center (MRC), Aapistie 5A, Oulu, 90220, Finland.
Department of Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2025 May 18;25(1):722. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-07304-6.
BACKGROUND
Organ shortages remain a primary factor limiting transplant number. Raising awareness about organ donation and its medical benefits is one approach that could help dispel misunderstandings, improve willingness to donate, and increase the number of donors. This study aimed to examine the attitudes and knowledge of undergraduate students in medicine, health sciences, and technical fields regarding organ donation and transplantation, as well as to explore potential differences in perspectives across these groups.
METHODS
An observational web-based questionnaire survey was created for Finnish undergraduate medical, health science, and technical students. The survey included both multiple-choice questions evaluated on a Likert scale from 1 to 5 and open-ended questions. Descriptive statistical analyses were used to evaluate the results.
RESULTS
A total of 559 students completed the questionnaire, comprising 210 (37.6%) medical, 146 (26.1%) health science, and 203 (36.3%) technical students. Willingness to donate was significantly higher among medical and health science students compared to technical students (97.6%, 94.5%, and 85.7%, respectively; p < 0.001). A total of 42 respondents indicated they would not donate their organs after death. The prevalence of non-donors was lower among medical and health science students combined compared to technical students (3.7% vs. 14.3%; 95% CI for the difference: 5.8-16.3%; p < 0.001). Among non-donors, 78.6% expressed willingness to receive an organ if needed. Non-donors were less likely to have shared their opinion on organ donation compared to donors (21.4% vs. 69.2%, p < 0.001). Only 8.8% of respondents felt there is sufficient public discussion about organ donation and transplantation, while 45% considered brain death a valid definition of death.
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, willingness to donate organs after death is high (92.5%), with the highest willingness observed among medical students. A majority of the respondents expressed their will to donate organs and tissues. Most non-donors cited lack of knowledge as the main reason for not donating, though two-thirds of them indicated willingness to receive an organ if needed. Increased awareness about organ donation is necessary.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
器官短缺仍然是限制移植数量的主要因素。提高对器官捐赠及其医学益处的认识是一种有助于消除误解、提高捐赠意愿并增加捐赠者数量的方法。本研究旨在调查医学、健康科学和技术领域的本科生对器官捐赠和移植的态度与知识，并探讨这些群体在观点上的潜在差异。
方法
为芬兰的医学、健康科学和技术专业本科生创建了一项基于网络的观察性问卷调查。该调查包括从1到5的李克特量表评估的多项选择题和开放式问题。使用描述性统计分析来评估结果。
结果
共有559名学生完成了问卷，其中包括210名（37.6%）医学专业学生、146名（26.1%）健康科学专业学生和203名（36.3%）技术专业学生。医学和健康科学专业学生的捐赠意愿明显高于技术专业学生（分别为97.6%、94.5%和85.7%；p<0.001）。共有42名受访者表示他们死后不会捐赠器官。医学和健康科学专业学生中不捐赠者的比例低于技术专业学生（3.7%对14.3%；差异的95%置信区间：5.8 - 16.3%；p<0.001）。在不捐赠者中，78.6%表示如果需要愿意接受器官。与捐赠者相比，不捐赠者不太可能分享他们对器官捐赠的看法（21.4%对69.2%，p<0.001）。只有8.8%的受访者认为关于器官捐赠和移植有足够的公众讨论，而45%的人认为脑死亡是死亡的有效定义。
结论
总体而言，死后捐赠器官的意愿很高（92.5%），医学生的意愿最高。大多数受访者表示愿意捐赠器官和组织。大多数不捐赠者将缺乏知识作为不捐赠的主要原因，不过其中三分之二表示如果需要愿意接受器官。有必要提高对器官捐赠的认识。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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