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Continuous-Time Causal Inference With Marked Point Process Weights: An Example on Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporters 2 Inhibitor Medications and Urinary Tract Infection.

作者信息

Kalia Sumeet, Saarela Olli, Chen Tao, O'Neill Braden, Meaney Christopher, Moineddin Rahim, Aliarzadeh Babak, Sullivan Frank, Greiver Michelle

机构信息

Department of Statistics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

出版信息

Stat Med. 2025 May;44(10-12):e70102. doi: 10.1002/sim.70102.


DOI:10.1002/sim.70102
PMID:40386859
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12086771/
Abstract

Treatment-confounder feedback is present in time-to-recurrent or longitudinal event analysis when time-dependent confounders are themselves influenced by previous treatments. Conventional models produce misleading statistical inference of causal effects due to conditioning on these factors on the causal pathway. Marginal structural models are often applied to quantify the causal treatment effect, estimated using longitudinal weights that mimic the randomization procedure by balancing the covariate distributions across the treatment groups. The weights are usually constructed in discrete time intervals, which is appropriate if the follow-up visits are scheduled and regular. However, in primary care, visit times can be irregular and informative, and the treatment history consists of duration and doses. This can be modeled through a continuous-time marked point process. We constructed a continuous-time marginal structural model to estimate the effect of cumulative exposure to Sodium-Glucose co-Transporters 2 Inhibitor (SGLT-2i) medications on time-to-recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). We used a cohort of type II diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease and constructed a marked point process that characterized the recurrent flare episodes of primary care visits (i.e., point process) with marks for the multinominal dose (none, low, high) of SGLT-2i medications and recurrent episodes of UTI. We applied the stabilized and optimal treatment weights to estimate the hypothesized causal effect. Our results are concordant with earlier findings in which the recurrent episodes of UTI did not increase when patients were prescribed low dose or high dose of SGLT-2i medications.

摘要
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d591/12086771/8a104ac90dd2/SIM-44-0-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d591/12086771/21f8d398f40a/SIM-44-0-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d591/12086771/8a104ac90dd2/SIM-44-0-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d591/12086771/21f8d398f40a/SIM-44-0-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d591/12086771/8a104ac90dd2/SIM-44-0-g002.jpg

相似文献

[1]
Continuous-Time Causal Inference With Marked Point Process Weights: An Example on Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporters 2 Inhibitor Medications and Urinary Tract Infection.

Stat Med. 2025-5

[2]
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[3]
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[4]
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[5]
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Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2024-5

[6]
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Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021-6-28

[7]
Association between sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and a reduced risk of heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a real-world nationwide population-based cohort study.

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[8]
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Ann Intern Med. 2019-7-30

[9]
Vesicoureteral Reflux

2025-1

[10]
Lower heart failure and chronic kidney disease risks associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor use in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients without established cardiovascular and renal diseases.

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Emulating a Target Trial Using Primary-Care Electronic Health Records: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor Medications and Hemoglobin A1c.

Am J Epidemiol. 2023-5-5

[2]
Estimation of marginal structural models under irregular visits and unmeasured confounder: calibrated inverse probability weights.

BMC Med Res Methodol. 2023-1-7

[3]
Prescribing SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients With CKD: Expanding Indications and Practical Considerations.

Kidney Int Rep. 2022-5-5

[4]
Marginal Structural Models Using Calibrated Weights With SuperLearner: Application to Type II Diabetes Cohort.

IEEE J Biomed Health Inform. 2022-8

[5]
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Urinary Tract Infections: A Propensity Score-matched Population-based Cohort Study.

Can J Diabetes. 2022-6

[6]
Core concepts in pharmacoepidemiology: Confounding by indication and the role of active comparators.

Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2022-3

[7]
Trends in diabetes medication use in Australia, Canada, England, and Scotland: a repeated cross-sectional analysis in primary care.

Br J Gen Pract. 2021

[8]
Semiparametric estimation of structural failure time models in continuous-time processes.

Biometrika. 2020-3

[9]
Impact of discretization of the timeline for longitudinal causal inference methods.

Stat Med. 2020-11-30

[10]
Clinical Adverse Events of High-Dose vs Low-Dose Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of 51 Randomized Clinical Trials.

J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020-11-1

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