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将身心过程与动机性访谈融入健康指导:加强对健康行为改变的支持。

Integrating mind-body processes and motivational interviewing in health coaching: enhancing support for health behavior change.

作者信息

Wolever Ruth Q, Weinand Rebecca

机构信息

Osher Center for Integrative Health, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.

Vanderbilt Health Coaching Program, Nashville, TN, United States.

出版信息

Front Psychol. 2025 May 5;16:1478525. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1478525. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

The global rise of chronic disease presents a need for effective prevention and treatment grounded in mind-body science and autonomy-promoting lifestyle interventions. Health and wellness coaching (HWC) has emerged as a new field as the evidence for it has grown. However, there continue to be significant discrepancies in how the HWC role is defined, trained, and practiced. HWC is an evidence-based approach integrating well-established behavior change theories and techniques to help individuals explore and sustain self-determined health targets. The National Board for Health and Wellness Coaching in the United States guides credentialling for the field and establishes minimum training standards and competencies for practicing health coaches. Foundational knowledge of the mind-body connection is newly included in these coach competencies. In this paper, we present the overall process of HWC used in the Vanderbilt Health Coaching Program, emphasizing how mind-body processes can be integrated with motivational interviewing. We specifically present three mind-body processes that we have entwined with motivational interviewing and iterated with over 700 trainees: use of mindfulness, the whole person Wheel of Health, and guided visualization. We also present two structural tools that overlay the mind-body processes and motivational interviewing: the Vanderbilt Health Coaching Funnel and it's brief derivative for clinical encounters, the IVA (Importance Visioning Activation) Funnel. Each mind-body process and the two structural tools are described in detail as each promotes the underlying development of sustainable behavior change. Our aim is that these mind-body processes and structural tools will help clarify the evidence-based strategies upon which true coaching is developed and that other clinicians, researchers, and coaches will utilize them to empower their patients in pursuing their best health.

摘要

慢性病在全球范围内的增加,使得有必要基于身心科学和促进自主性的生活方式干预措施进行有效的预防和治疗。随着健康与幸福教练(HWC)的相关证据不断增加,这一领域已崭露头角。然而,在HWC角色的定义、培训和实践方面,仍然存在显著差异。HWC是一种基于证据的方法,融合了成熟的行为改变理论和技术,以帮助个人探索并维持自主确定的健康目标。美国国家健康与幸福教练委员会指导该领域的认证工作,并为健康教练的实践制定最低培训标准和能力要求。身心联系的基础知识最近被纳入了这些教练的能力要求之中。在本文中,我们介绍了范德堡健康教练项目中使用的HWC的整体过程,重点强调了身心过程如何与动机性访谈相结合。我们特别介绍了我们与动机性访谈相结合并在700多名学员中反复实践的三个身心过程:正念的运用、全人健康轮以及引导式可视化。我们还介绍了两种覆盖身心过程和动机性访谈的结构性工具:范德堡健康教练漏斗及其用于临床问诊的简短衍生工具IVA(重要性愿景激活)漏斗。每个身心过程和这两种结构性工具都进行了详细描述,因为它们都促进了可持续行为改变的潜在发展。我们的目标是,这些身心过程和结构性工具将有助于阐明真正的教练工作所基于的循证策略,并且其他临床医生、研究人员和教练将利用它们来增强患者追求最佳健康状态的能力。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/94ab/12087188/1811917bf87b/fpsyg-16-1478525-g001.jpg

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