While drug resistance remains the leading cause of treatment failure, chemotherapy continues to be a crucial aspect of cancer therapy. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression through various methods, including transcriptional, translational, chromatin remodeling, and epigenetic mechanisms. The SRY-related high mobility group box (HMGB) family contains 20 transcription factors with a well-recognized HMG domain, and an inappropriate regulation of SOX family members is associated with many of the phenotypes of cancer, such as tumor invasion, metastasis, proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness, and drug resistance. This association arises because SOX family members can regulate cell fate decisions. While many articles have reported on the functionalities and activities of the SOX family, it is not clear their involvement in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and the seeming contrast they can have on tumors. This study elucidates the relationship between the SOX family and ncRNAs, specifically emphasizing lncRNAs. This review article highlights the potential roles of the SOX family in cancer. It presents new therapeutic options for treating cancer, outlining the physiological roles of the SOX family and the various roles they have in tumors.