Tripathi Nidhi, Krumm Bianca E, Edtbauer Achim, Ringsdorf Akima, Wang Nijing, Kohl Matthias, Vella Ryan, Machado Luiz A T, Pozzer Andrea, Lelieveld Jos, Williams Jonathan
Department of Atmospheric Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany.
Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Nat Commun. 2025 May 20;16(1):4692. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59953-2.
The Amazon rainforest is the largest source of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) to the atmosphere. To understand the distribution and chemistry of BVOCs, airborne and ground-based measurements of BVOCs are conducted over the Amazon rainforest in the CAFE-Brazil campaign (December 2022-January 2023), including diel (24-hour) profiles between 0.3-14 km for isoprene, its oxidation products, and total monoterpenes. Although daytime deep convective transport of BVOCs is rendered ineffective by photochemical loss, nocturnal deep-convection exports considerable BVOC quantities to high altitudes, extending the chemical influence of the rainforest to the upper troposphere, and priming it for rapid organic photochemistry and particle formation at dawn. After contrasting pristine and deforested areas, a BVOC sensitivity analysis is performed using a chemistry-climate model. Here we show that reducing BVOC emissions, decreased upper tropospheric ozone, increased lower tropospheric hydroxyl radicals, shortened the methane lifetime, with the net effect of enhancing climate warming through ozone and aerosols.
亚马逊雨林是大气中生物源挥发性有机化合物（BVOCs）的最大来源。为了解BVOCs的分布和化学性质，在“巴西咖啡”（CAFE-Brazil）活动（2022年12月至2023年1月）期间，对亚马逊雨林进行了BVOCs的机载和地面测量，包括异戊二烯、其氧化产物和总单萜在0.3 - 14千米之间的日变化（24小时）剖面。尽管白天BVOCs的深对流输送因光化学损失而失效，但夜间深对流将大量BVOCs输送到高海拔地区，将雨林的化学影响扩展到对流层上部，并使其在黎明时易于发生快速的有机光化学和颗粒物形成。在对比原始区域和森林砍伐区域后，使用化学气候模型进行了BVOCs敏感性分析。我们在此表明，减少BVOCs排放会降低对流层上部臭氧、增加对流层下部羟基自由基、缩短甲烷寿命，其净效应是通过臭氧和气溶胶增强气候变暖。
