Leighton J, Nassauer J, Tchao R
Food Chem Toxicol. 1985 Feb;23(2):293-8. doi: 10.1016/0278-6915(85)90031-6.
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the chick embryo is readily accessible for experimentation. It is a complete tissue that responds to injury with classical inflammatory reactions. It is limited to the late phase of embryologic life, and is without the sense of pain. Focal topical application of various household products onto the CAM results in local injury and reactions that differ in severity from one product to another. For any single product, tested as a sequence of dilutions on a series of membranes, the CAM responds with decreasing intensity that parallels the decreasing dosage. The membrane is prepared for study according to the method of Zwilling (Transplantn Bull 1959, 6, 115). The test material is applied in a Teflon ring to the 14-day-old CAM, to localize the application site. The macroscopic response is scored on day 17 of incubation. The results of analysis of histological preparations are found to correlate with macroscopic appearance. When a series of preparations was ranked according to the severity of the response each induced on the CAM, there was a good correlation with the ranking of the same preparations in the Draize test.
鸡胚的绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）易于进行实验操作。它是一个完整的组织，会对损伤产生典型的炎症反应。它仅限于胚胎发育后期，且无痛觉。将各种家用产品局部涂抹于绒毛尿囊膜上会导致局部损伤，不同产品的反应严重程度各异。对于任何一种单一产品，在一系列绒毛尿囊膜上按顺序进行不同稀释度测试时，绒毛尿囊膜的反应强度会随着剂量降低而减弱。根据兹维林的方法（《移植通报》1959年，第6卷，第115页）制备用于研究的绒毛尿囊膜。将测试材料置于聚四氟乙烯环中，应用于14日龄的绒毛尿囊膜上，以确定应用部位。在孵化第17天对宏观反应进行评分。组织学制剂的分析结果与宏观外观相关。当根据每种制剂在绒毛尿囊膜上引起的反应严重程度对一系列制剂进行排序时，与这些制剂在德雷兹试验中的排序具有良好的相关性。
