Wu Xi, Liu Jianwei, Wang Zhuofeng, Chen Shangya, Ma Jiazi, Cao Mao, Yang Yong, Wu Guangjian, Li Wentao, Du Zhongjun
Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 May 7;13:1539359. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1539359. eCollection 2025.
Numerous studies have explored the correlation between dietary patterns and the risk of hypertension, yet the findings have remained indeterminate. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate how various dietary patterns relate to hypertension risk in the Chinese population.
Relevant articles published from 1 January 2004 to 14 March 2024 in five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, and VIP) were searched. Fixed or random-effects models were employed to estimate the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing the highest and lowest categories of dietary patterns.
In total, 22 articles were incorporated into the meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated a reduced likelihood for hypertension in the highest compared to the lowest category of the traditional southern Chinese pattern (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.97, < 0.001). In addition, compared to the lowest category of fruit and dairy pattern, the risk of the highest category had a 25% reduction in hypertension risk (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.64-0.89, = 0.001). Nevertheless, there was no significant correlation between the animal food pattern and the odds of hypertension (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.98-1.15, = 0.171).
The traditional southern Chinese pattern as well as the fruit and dairy pattern was a protective factor for hypertension. High-quality, large-scale studies are needed to confirm the findings of the current meta-analysis further.
众多研究探讨了饮食模式与高血压风险之间的相关性，但结果仍不明确。我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估不同饮食模式与中国人群高血压风险之间的关系。
检索了2004年1月1日至2024年3月14日在五个数据库（PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、中国知网和维普）上发表的相关文章。采用固定效应或随机效应模型来估计比较饮食模式最高和最低类别时的多变量调整比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
总共22篇文章被纳入荟萃分析。汇总结果表明，与传统中国南方饮食模式最低类别相比，最高类别患高血压的可能性降低（OR = 0.95，95%CI：0.92 - 0.97，<0.001）。此外，与水果和乳制品饮食模式最低类别相比，最高类别患高血压的风险降低了25%（OR = 0.75，95%CI：0.64 - 0.89，= 0.001）。然而，动物性食物饮食模式与高血压几率之间没有显著相关性（OR = 1.06，95%CI：0.98 - 1.15，= 0.171）。
传统中国南方饮食模式以及水果和乳制品饮食模式是高血压的保护因素。需要高质量、大规模的研究来进一步证实当前荟萃分析的结果。
