波兰糖尿病老年人与非糖尿病老年人慢性病的过度流行情况。

Excess prevalence of chronic diseases in elderly people with diabetes and non-diabetics in Poland.

作者信息

Więckiel-Lisowska Katarzyna, Wojciechowska Agata, Wierucki Łukasz, Woch Sonia, Flis Krzysztof, Lange Adrian, Rutkowski Marcin, Zdrojewski Tomasz, Bandosz Piotr

机构信息

Department of Preventive Medicine and Education, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2025 May 22;20(5):e0319242. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319242. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0319242

PMID:40402935

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12097559/

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Diabetes increases the risk of several chronic conditions. However, their excessive prevalence among older adults with diabetes in Poland is unknown.

METHODS

The prevalence of chronic diseases was assessed in the nationally representative random sample of 5,987 Polish adults aged 60+ (Polsenior2 study, data collected between 2018 and 2020). Each participant's history of hospitalisation due to coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and cancer was assessed. Diagnosis of arterial hypertension (AH), cognitive impairment (CI), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) was established based on the questionnaire, blood pressure measurements, Mini-Mental State Examination, and laboratory tests. Diabetes was diagnosed if the participant reported being diagnosed with the disease or their measured HbA1c was ≥ 48 mmol/mol (≥6.5%). Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence ratios of chronic conditions for participants with diabetes versus those without diabetes were calculated using Poisson regression.

RESULTS

In the multivariate model, the prevalence ratio for CHD history was 1.98 (95%CI: 1.66-2.37), for CKD: 1.90 (95%CI: 1.66-2.18), for stroke: 1.47 (95%CI: 1.15-1.88), for AH: 1.22 (95%CI: 1.17-1.27). Cancer and cognitive impairment prevalence did not differ between people with and without diabetes. The mean number of chronic diseases was 52% higher in participants with diabetes vs nondiabetic subjects at age 60-69 (1.72 (95%CI: 1.60-1.84) vs. 1.13 (95%CI: 1.07-1.18), respectively). However, this value was only 10% higher in subjects aged 90+ (2.74 (95%CI: 2.45-3.04) vs. 2.49 (95%CI: 2.37-2.62), respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Elderly Polish citizens with diabetes suffer more often from coronary heart disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, and arterial hypertension. The study emphasises that the excess prevalence of chronic diseases among people with diabetes is high in the youngest-old population but diminishes in the oldest-old people.

摘要

目的

糖尿病会增加患多种慢性病的风险。然而，在波兰老年糖尿病患者中这些慢性病的过度流行情况尚不清楚。

方法

在具有全国代表性的5987名60岁及以上波兰成年人的随机样本中评估慢性病的患病率（Polsenior2研究，2018年至2020年收集的数据）。评估了每位参与者因冠心病（CHD）、中风和癌症的住院史。根据问卷、血压测量、简易精神状态检查表和实验室检查来确定动脉高血压（AH）、认知障碍（CI）和慢性肾脏病（CKD）的诊断。如果参与者报告已被诊断患有该疾病或其测量的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）≥48 mmol/mol（≥6.5%），则诊断为糖尿病。使用泊松回归计算糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者慢性病的年龄和性别调整患病率比。

结果

在多变量模型中，冠心病病史的患病率比为1.98（95%置信区间：1.66 - 2.37），慢性肾脏病为1.90（95%置信区间：1.66 - 2.18），中风为1.47（95%置信区间：1.15 - 1.88），动脉高血压为1.22（95%置信区间：1.17 - 1.27）。糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者的癌症和认知障碍患病率没有差异。60 - 69岁的糖尿病患者慢性病的平均数量比非糖尿病患者高52%（分别为1.72（95%置信区间：1.60 - 1.84）和1.13（95%置信区间：1.07 - 1.18））。然而，在90岁及以上的人群中，这个数值仅高10%（分别为2.74（95%置信区间：2.45 - 3.04）和2.49（95%置信区间：2.37 - 2.62））。