Wang Zhi, You Qingqing, Wang Yuxuan, Wang Jufei, Shao Leping
Department of Nephrology, (Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Glomerular Nephritis), The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, China.
Department of Nephrology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital (Group), Qingdao Hospital of University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Ren Fail. 2025 Dec;47(1):2508296. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2025.2508296. Epub 2025 May 22.
There are limited studies on the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) burden among adolescents and emerging adults. We aimed to assess the global, regional, and national trends in CKD burden among adolescents and emerging adults.
The Global Burden of Disease 2021 study was utilized to evaluate the incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and average annual percentage changes (AAPC) in CKD among populations aged 15 to 29 years from 1990 to 2021.
From 1990 to 2021, age-standardized incidence (AAPC: 0.85%, 95% uncertainty interval [95% UI]: 0.81%-0.88%), prevalence (AAPC: 0.22%, 95% UI: 0.19%-0.25%), and mortality (AAPC: 0.18%, 95% UI: 0.04%-0.32%) rates of CKD have risen globally among adolescents and emerging adults. In 2021, Southeast Asia had the highest age-standardized prevalence (5370.39 [95% UI: 4060.97-6929.79] per 100,000 population), while Central sub-Saharan Africa had the highest mortality rate (5.05 [95% UI: 3.49-7] per 100,000 population). In 2021, glomerulonephritis and 'other and unspecified causes' accounted for 94% of new cases, 83% of prevalent cases, and 92% of mortality cases. Frontier analyses suggest that regions at varying stages of development still hold substantial potential for further improvements in addressing CKD.
Globally, the burden of CKD among adolescents and emerging adults continues to rise, with Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa bearing a disproportionate burden. Nevertheless, there remain substantial opportunities across all levels of the development spectrum to alleviate the CKD burden through enhanced health interventions and resource allocation.
关于青少年和青年人群慢性肾脏病（CKD）负担的流行病学研究有限。我们旨在评估青少年和青年人群CKD负担的全球、区域和国家趋势。
利用《2021年全球疾病负担研究》评估1990年至2021年15至29岁人群中CKD的发病率、患病率、死亡率、伤残调整生命年（DALYs）和年均变化百分比（AAPC）。
1990年至2021年，全球青少年和青年人群中CKD的年龄标准化发病率（AAPC：0.85%，95%不确定区间[95% UI]：0.81%-0.88%）、患病率（AAPC：0.22%，95% UI：0.19%-0.25%）和死亡率（AAPC：0.18%，95% UI：0.04%-0.32%）均有所上升。2021年，东南亚的年龄标准化患病率最高（每10万人中5370.39例[95% UI：4060.97-6929.79]），而撒哈拉以南非洲中部的死亡率最高（每10万人中5.05例[95% UI：3.49-7]）。2021年，肾小球肾炎和“其他及未明确病因”占新发病例的94%、现患病例的83%和死亡病例的92%。前沿分析表明，处于不同发展阶段的地区在解决CKD问题上仍有很大的进一步改善潜力。
在全球范围内，青少年和青年人群的CKD负担持续上升，东南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲负担过重。然而，在整个发展阶段，通过加强健康干预和资源分配，仍有大量机会减轻CKD负担。
