Sharely Ikshika, Joshi Shubhi, Barman Panchali, Maan Mayank, Kaushal Naveen, Saini Avneet
Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T, 160014, India.
University School of Allied Health Sciences, Rayat Bahra University, Mohali, Punjab, 140103, India.
Chemistry. 2025 Jul 2;31(37):e202501080. doi: 10.1002/chem.202501080. Epub 2025 Jun 3.
With the growing need for rapid, sensitive and accurate point-of-care biosensors, 2D nanomaterials have gained significant attention, establishing them as versatile candidates for advanced biomedical applications. Biosensors utilizing 2D nanomaterials enable real-time disease monitoring, allowing for prompt intervention and therapy, tracking of physiological activities and enhancing the understanding of the human biosystem. Since they are cost-effective and user-friendly, 2D nanomaterials have been utilized in commercial biosensors. Over the past decade, graphene and its derivatives have been the most studied 2D nanomaterials, due to their large surface area and tuneable electronic and optical properties, which significantly enhance their sensitivity and specificity. Nevertheless, recently discovered 2D nanomaterials, including MXenes, black phosphorus and hexagonal boron nitride, remain largely unexplored. Despite their numerous applications, the broader potential of these materials in biosensing remains insufficiently explored in current literature. This review offers a comprehensive perspective by specifically focusing on inorganic 2D nanomaterials, an area that remains underrepresented in the literature. It provides an in-depth overview of their unique physicochemical properties and how these features contribute toward enhancing the performance of biosensors, thereby offering new and valuable insights into their emerging role in advanced biomedical diagnostics.
随着对快速、灵敏和准确的即时检测生物传感器的需求不断增加，二维纳米材料受到了广泛关注，成为先进生物医学应用的多功能候选材料。利用二维纳米材料的生物传感器能够实现疾病的实时监测，从而实现及时干预和治疗，追踪生理活动并增进对人体生物系统的了解。由于二维纳米材料具有成本效益且用户友好，已被应用于商业生物传感器中。在过去十年中，石墨烯及其衍生物是研究最多的二维纳米材料，因其具有大的表面积以及可调节的电子和光学性质，这显著提高了它们的灵敏度和特异性。然而，最近发现的二维纳米材料，包括MXenes、黑磷和六方氮化硼，在很大程度上仍未得到充分探索。尽管它们有众多应用，但这些材料在生物传感方面的更广泛潜力在当前文献中仍未得到充分研究。本综述通过特别关注无机二维纳米材料提供了一个全面的视角，这一领域在文献中仍未得到充分体现。它深入概述了它们独特的物理化学性质以及这些特性如何有助于提高生物传感器的性能，从而为它们在先进生物医学诊断中的新兴作用提供新的有价值的见解。
