Hou Zhenping, Yu Xia, Wu Duanqin
Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, China.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2025 May 24;57(5):229. doi: 10.1007/s11250-025-04483-8.
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of partially substituting whole corn silage (CS) with sweet sorghum silage (SS) on serum metabolites in dairy cows employing by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Thirty mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows (112 ± 24.04 days in milk) were divided into the control group (CON) received 40% CS and 0% SS, Group1 received 30% CS and 10% SS, while Group2 received 20% CS and 20% SS, respectively. Serum samples were collected on day 45 of the formal experiment and subjected to LC-MS analysis to detect metabolites. The results revealed that 29 different metabolites were obtained in both CON and Group1; however, 22 metabolites in Group1 showed up-regulation compared to those in CON including N-Methylhydantoin, Betaine, Isoleucine, etc. The levels of 7 metabolites, including L-Kynurenine, Nandrolone, and Testosterone propionate, were found to be down-regulated. Sixteen metabolites were detected in the serum of Group2 and CON dairy cows. Compared with CON, Group2 exhibited up-regulation of 13 metabolites such as Benzaldehyde, Linoleic acid, Phe-Glu. Conversely, three metabolites including Triglycerides (TG), Uric acid and 5-Hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid showed down-regulation. A total of 20 differential metabolites were identified in Group1 and Group2. Among these, 14 metabolites such as 2-Ethylacrylic acid, Succinic acid, and Glutamic acid were up-regulated while 6 metabolites like Pyridoxine, Phosphocholine, and Quinidine showed down-regulation. These differentially expressed metabolites are primarily associated with various pathways including Aminoacyl-tRNA, Arginine, Phenylalanine and tryptophan biosynthesis, Citrate cycle etc. In conclusion, substituting up to 50% of CS with SS had no negative effects on serum metabolites, indicating that SS can partially replace CS in the diets of high-producing lactating dairy cows without adding extra grain, when diets are fed for a short time under our feeding experimental conditions.
本研究的目的是采用液相色谱 - 质谱联用（LC-MS）技术，研究用甜高粱青贮饲料（SS）部分替代全株玉米青贮饲料（CS）对奶牛血清代谢物的影响。30头处于泌乳中期的荷斯坦奶牛（产奶天数112±24.04天）被分为对照组（CON），饲喂40%的CS和0%的SS；第1组饲喂30%的CS和10%的SS；第2组分别饲喂20%的CS和20%的SS。在正式试验的第45天采集血清样本，并进行LC-MS分析以检测代谢物。结果显示，CON组和第1组共获得29种不同的代谢物；然而，与CON组相比，第1组中有22种代谢物上调，包括N-甲基乙内酰脲、甜菜碱、异亮氨酸等。发现包括L-犬尿氨酸、诺龙和丙酸睾酮在内的7种代谢物水平下调。在第2组和CON组奶牛的血清中检测到16种代谢物。与CON组相比，第2组有13种代谢物上调，如苯甲醛、亚油酸、苯丙氨酸 - 谷氨酸。相反，包括甘油三酯（TG）、尿酸和5-羟基吲哚 - 3-乙酸在内的3种代谢物下调。在第1组和第2组中总共鉴定出20种差异代谢物。其中，2-乙基丙烯酸、琥珀酸和谷氨酸等14种代谢物上调，而吡哆醇、磷酸胆碱和奎尼丁等6种代谢物下调。这些差异表达的代谢物主要与各种途径相关，包括氨酰 - tRNA、精氨酸、苯丙氨酸和色氨酸生物合成、柠檬酸循环等。总之，用SS替代高达50%的CS对血清代谢物没有负面影响，这表明在我们的饲养实验条件下，短期饲喂时，SS可以在不添加额外谷物的情况下部分替代高产泌乳奶牛日粮中的CS。
