Majani Sanjay S, Veena M A, Hemanth Kumar C M, Setty Poojitha B Sridhara, Iqbal Muzaffar, Shivamallu Chandan, Cull Charley A, Hales Kristin E, Broadway Paul R, Amachawadi Raghavendra G, Kollur Shiva Prasad
School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Mysuru Campus, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 026, India.
Department in Chemistry, Chemistry Research Centre, Bangalore Institute of Technology, K.R. Road, VV Puram, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560 004, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 24;15(1):18081. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-97862-y.
The widespread use of antibiotics has severely impacted water bodies and ecosystems, necessitating well-designed photocatalysts for effective degradation. In this regard, present work reports the synthesis of MnO:xFe (MF-x, x = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) nanoparticles via the bio-mediated process using Tridax procumbens as the reducing and stabilizing agents. Various physicochemical approaches confirmed the structural, optical, and morphological properties of MF-x nanoparticles, revealing a reduced optical bandgap (2.06-0.97 eV) for visible-light photocatalysis. PXRD analysis reveals cubic crystalline nature of MF-x nanoparticles belonging to space group number 206 (I a-3) with crystallite sizes ranging 39-70 nm, which was further refined using Rietveld method with acceptable χ value of 2.3 for the doped sample. Raman spectra confirmed the existence of F and E + F active modes from the bixbyite structure corresponding to the space group I a-3. Furthermore, the FESEM and TEM analyses showed a highly crystalline uniform porous morphology with evaluated particle sizes in agreement with the PXRD results. Additionally, the quantitative aspects of precursor elements were confirmed through XPS studies. The photocatalytic activity of MF-10 in degrading Tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) was evaluated under optimized pH, catalyst dosage, and TC-HCl concentration under visible light. Results show that optimized weight (100 mg) of as-synthesized nanoparticles exhibit high photocatalytic performance with a 94.23% degradation against optimized 20 ppm TC-HCl in 90 min. On the other hand, pH variation and reusability test indicated that the degradation efficiency was significant at neutral pH and reduced at the 5th cycle (64.28) which was further authenticated by pH evaluation (7.55). Thus, the present work showcased the potential application of MnO: Fe nanoparticles as low-cost and environmentally friendly material in water treatment applications.
抗生素的广泛使用已严重影响水体和生态系统，因此需要设计良好的光催化剂来实现有效降解。在这方面，目前的工作报道了通过生物介导的过程，使用三叶鬼针草作为还原剂和稳定剂来合成MnO:xFe（MF-x，x = 0、2、4、6、8和10）纳米颗粒。各种物理化学方法证实了MF-x纳米颗粒的结构、光学和形态特性，揭示了用于可见光光催化的光学带隙减小（2.06 - 0.97 eV）。PXRD分析表明MF-x纳米颗粒具有立方晶型，属于空间群编号206（I a-3），微晶尺寸范围为39 - 70 nm，使用Rietveld方法对掺杂样品进行进一步细化，χ值为可接受的2.3。拉曼光谱证实了来自对应于空间群I a-3的方铁锰矿结构的F和E + F活性模式的存在。此外，FESEM和TEM分析显示出高度结晶的均匀多孔形态，评估的粒径与PXRD结果一致。此外，通过XPS研究确认了前驱体元素的定量方面。在可见光下，在优化的pH、催化剂用量和盐酸四环素（TC-HCl）浓度下评估了MF-10对盐酸四环素的光催化活性。结果表明，合成的纳米颗粒的优化重量（100 mg）表现出高光催化性能，在90分钟内对优化的20 ppm TC-HCl的降解率为94.23%。另一方面，pH变化和可重复使用性测试表明，降解效率在中性pH下显著，在第5个循环时降低（64.28），pH评估（7.55）进一步证实了这一点。因此，目前的工作展示了MnO:Fe纳米颗粒作为低成本和环境友好材料在水处理应用中的潜在应用。
