Kim Yeonhee, Birring Surinder S, McGarvey Lorcan, Morice Alyn H, Song Woo-Jung
Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2025 May;17(3):304-316. doi: 10.4168/aair.2025.17.3.304.
Chronic cough, which affects 5%-18% of adults, has traditionally been considered a symptom defined by its duration. However, recent advances in understanding the pathophysiology of chronic cough have prompted the concept that chronic cough may exist as a distinct clinical entity driven by neuronal dysregulation and cough hypersensitivity. This evolving perspective recognizes various treatable traits and clinical characteristics which support the notion of cough as a disease entity and beyond that of a symptom-based classification. Initially developed for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the treatable traits approach has now been extended to chronic cough management, offering a more personalized treatment model. It focuses on identifying modifiable traits that significantly impact patient outcomes. However, challenges remain in implementing this model, including the need for trait validation, biomarker development, staff training, and the integration of new therapies. Despite these challenges, the treatable traits approach provides a promising framework for refining chronic cough management strategies and improving patient care.
慢性咳嗽影响着5%至18%的成年人，传统上一直被视为一种由持续时间定义的症状。然而，在理解慢性咳嗽病理生理学方面的最新进展促使人们形成这样一种概念，即慢性咳嗽可能作为一种由神经调节异常和咳嗽超敏反应驱动的独特临床实体而存在。这种不断演变的观点认识到各种可治疗的特征和临床特点，这些特征和特点支持将咳嗽视为一种疾病实体的观念，而不仅仅是基于症状的分类。可治疗特征方法最初是为哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病开发的，现在已扩展到慢性咳嗽管理，提供了一种更个性化的治疗模式。它侧重于识别对患者预后有重大影响的可改变特征。然而，实施该模式仍存在挑战，包括特征验证、生物标志物开发、工作人员培训以及新疗法的整合。尽管存在这些挑战，可治疗特征方法为完善慢性咳嗽管理策略和改善患者护理提供了一个有前景的框架。
