Wang Zheng, Shi Fachao, Wang Long, Fang Caoyang
Department of Cardiology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital, Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230000, China.
Department of Cardiology, Maanshan People's Hospital, Maanshan, Anhui, 243000, China.
Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 May 26;17(1):171. doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01754-0.
The relationship between Glycated Hemoglobin Index (HGI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in individuals with diabetes or prediabetes remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between baseline HGI and CVD risk in U.S. adults with diabetes or prediabetes.
This study analyzed data from 10,889 diabetic or prediabetic participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analyses were employed to assess the relationship between HGI and CVD risk. Restricted cubic splines were used to explore nonlinear associations, along with threshold effect analysis and subgroup analyses.
A total of 10,889 participants (mean age 52.82 years, 54.57% male) were included in this study. We observed a U-shaped relationship between HGI and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (P nonlinear < 0.0001), heart attack (P nonlinear = 0.0006), and congestive heart failure (CHF) (P nonlinear = 0.0001). The inflection points for HGI concerning CVD, heart attack, and CHF were - 0.140, -0.447, and - 0.140, respectively. When baseline HGI exceeded these thresholds, each unit increase in HGI was significantly associated with higher risks of CVD (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.23-1.48), heart attack(OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.20-1.51), and CHF (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.22-1.58).Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in CHF risk associated with HGI across racial groups (interaction P = 0.03).
In individuals with diabetes and prediabetes, HGI displays a U-shaped relationship with CVD, heart attack, and CHF risks, with threshold values of -0.14, -0.45, and - 0.14, respectively. HGI may serve as a more effective indicator for identifying populations at early risk for cardiovascular disease.
糖化血红蛋白指数（HGI）与糖尿病或糖尿病前期个体的心血管疾病（CVD）风险之间的关系尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在调查美国糖尿病或糖尿病前期成年人的基线HGI与CVD风险之间的关系。
本研究分析了来自国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的10889名糖尿病或糖尿病前期参与者的数据。采用加权多变量回归分析和亚组分析来评估HGI与CVD风险之间的关系。使用受限立方样条来探索非线性关联，并进行阈值效应分析和亚组分析。
本研究共纳入10889名参与者（平均年龄52.82岁，男性占54.57%）。我们观察到HGI与心血管疾病（CVD）风险（P非线性＜0.0001）、心脏病发作风险（P非线性=0.0006）和充血性心力衰竭（CHF）风险（P非线性=0.0001）之间呈U形关系。HGI关于CVD、心脏病发作和CHF的拐点分别为-0.140、-0.447和-0.140。当基线HGI超过这些阈值时，HGI每增加一个单位，与CVD风险升高（比值比：1.34，95%置信区间：1.23-1.48）、心脏病发作风险升高（比值比：1.34，95%置信区间：1.20-1.51）和CHF风险升高（比值比：1.39，95%置信区间：1.22-1.58）显著相关。亚组分析显示，不同种族群体中与HGI相关的CHF风险存在显著差异（交互作用P=0.03）。
在糖尿病和糖尿病前期个体中，HGI与CVD、心脏病发作和CHF风险呈U形关系，阈值分别为-0.14、-0.45和-0.14。HGI可能是识别心血管疾病早期风险人群的更有效指标。
