Safadi Sokayna, Timsahi Wiam, Saadoune Mehdi, Khayi Fatima Ezzahra, Daoudi Abdellatif
Pediatrics, Agadir University Hospital Center, Agadir, MAR.
Radiology, Sous Massa University Hospital, Agadir, MAR.
Cureus. 2025 Apr 23;17(4):e82818. doi: 10.7759/cureus.82818. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Teratomas are germ cell tumors that can appear in different parts of the body, most often in the ovaries or testes. Treatment depends on whether the tumor is mature or immature: mature teratomas are usually removed surgically, while immature ones often require chemotherapy as well. Teratomas located in the mediastinum, particularly in the back part (posterior mediastinum), are rare. These tumors are typically discovered by chance during imaging exams, and only a few cases cause noticeable symptoms. In this report, we describe a rare case involving a 9-day-old female newborn with no prior medical issues, who was brought to the pediatric emergency department with acute breathing difficulties. Her condition required admission to the neonatal intensive care unit due to respiratory failure. On examination, she had signs of respiratory distress, including a Silverman score of 6/10, fast breathing, and low oxygen levels. A chest X-ray revealed a mass in the left side of her chest, causing a shift in the mediastinum. A CT scan of the chest confirmed the presence of a large mass with both solid and cystic components in the posterior mediastinum, suggesting a mature teratoma. The baby underwent successful surgery to remove the tumor. Pathology confirmed it was a mature teratoma, showing a mass made up of different tissue types but no glial tissue. Her recovery went smoothly, with no complications during follow-up. This case underscores how unusual it is for newborns to have symptomatic mature teratomas in the mediastinum. It also highlights the importance of considering this diagnosis in infants with breathing problems and shows that early surgical treatment can lead to a good outcome.
畸胎瘤是一种生殖细胞肿瘤，可出现在身体的不同部位，最常见于卵巢或睾丸。治疗方法取决于肿瘤是成熟型还是未成熟型：成熟畸胎瘤通常通过手术切除，而未成熟畸胎瘤通常还需要化疗。位于纵隔，特别是后部（后纵隔）的畸胎瘤很罕见。这些肿瘤通常在影像学检查中偶然发现，只有少数病例会引起明显症状。在本报告中，我们描述了一例罕见病例，一名9天大、无既往病史的女新生儿因急性呼吸困难被送往儿科急诊科。由于呼吸衰竭，她的病情需要入住新生儿重症监护病房。检查时，她有呼吸窘迫的迹象，包括西尔弗曼评分6/10、呼吸急促和低氧水平。胸部X光显示她胸部左侧有一个肿块，导致纵隔移位。胸部CT扫描证实后纵隔存在一个既有实性成分又有囊性成分的大肿块，提示为成熟畸胎瘤。婴儿接受了成功的肿瘤切除手术。病理证实为成熟畸胎瘤，显示肿块由不同组织类型组成，但无神经胶质组织。她恢复顺利，随访期间无并发症。该病例强调了新生儿纵隔出现有症状的成熟畸胎瘤是多么不寻常。它还突出了在有呼吸问题的婴儿中考虑这一诊断的重要性，并表明早期手术治疗可带来良好的结果。
