Liu Chao, Liu Meng, Li Xin, Hu Yimei, Zhang Lingling, You Feng-Ming, Fan Gang, Ge Yiman
Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610072 China
Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 611137 China
Nanoscale Adv. 2025 Apr 12. doi: 10.1039/d4na01083c.
Owing to its non-invasive nature, painless drug delivery, and controlled drug loading capacity, the microneedle (MN) technology has recently garnered significant attention in clinical practice. For instance, it has been pervasively employed as an innovative transdermal delivery method in skin disease therapy. However, traditional MN techniques have been associated with challenges regarding biocompatibility, biodegradability, and drug release precision, limiting their clinical efficacy and increasing the risk of side effects resulting from uneven drug distribution. To address these issues, polysaccharide materials have been proposed as viable alternatives to be used in MN technologies. In addition to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, polysaccharide materials such as alginate, chitosan, and Hyaluronic Acid (HA), among other Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)-extracted polysaccharides (such as Bletilla and notoginseng), could also exert anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, promoting tissue regeneration. These attributes enable polysaccharide-based MNs to improve the local drug concentration, reduce systemic side effects, minimize patient discomfort, and lower treatment risks, making them particularly suitable for treating skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne. This article systematically reviews the properties of various polysaccharide materials, as well as the preparation methods of polysaccharide-based MNs and their therapeutic effects as reported in animal models and clinical trials. Our findings could lay a solid theoretical foundation for developing polysaccharide-based MN technologies and fostering their widespread clinical application.
由于其非侵入性、无痛给药以及可控的药物负载能力，微针（MN）技术近年来在临床实践中备受关注。例如，它已被广泛用作皮肤病治疗中的一种创新透皮给药方法。然而，传统的微针技术在生物相容性、生物降解性和药物释放精度方面存在挑战，限制了它们的临床疗效，并增加了药物分布不均导致的副作用风险。为了解决这些问题，多糖材料已被提议作为微针技术中可行的替代材料。除了具有出色的生物相容性和生物降解性外，诸如藻酸盐、壳聚糖和透明质酸（HA）等多糖材料，以及其他从中药中提取的多糖（如白芨和三七），还可发挥抗炎和抗菌作用，促进组织再生。这些特性使基于多糖的微针能够提高局部药物浓度、减少全身副作用、减轻患者不适并降低治疗风险，使其特别适用于治疗湿疹、银屑病和痤疮等皮肤疾病。本文系统综述了各种多糖材料的特性，以及基于多糖的微针的制备方法及其在动物模型和临床试验中报道的治疗效果。我们的研究结果可为开发基于多糖的微针技术并促进其广泛临床应用奠定坚实的理论基础。
