Heckler Emerson P, Conrad Nathan J, Fryar Karissa N, Badeau Rachael S, Kowis Rachel M, Lee Ben J, Gillum Trevor L, Kuennen Matthew R
Department of Health & Human Performance, High Point University, One University Parkway, High Point, NC, 27268, USA.
Occupational and Thermal Physiology, Centre for Physical Activity, Sport and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5 FB, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2025 May 26. doi: 10.1007/s00421-025-05812-3.
Prior viral infection has been suggested to increase exertional heatstroke (EHS) risk. This study examined physiological and immune responses in persons with prior clinical diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, who were challenged with 1 h of cycling exercise in hot, moderately humid ambient conditions.
Fourteen men and six women (age: 21 ± 1 years, stature: 1.7 ± 0.1 m, mass: 70.7 ± 2.6 kg, VO: 47 ± 1 mL kg lbm min) completed 1 h of cycling exercise at an intensity that elicited 7.0 W/kg of metabolic heat production in an environmental chamber (35 °C/35% RH). Ten participants had been previously diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 and ten participants served as CONTROL. Physiological parameters including heart rate (HR), esophageal temperature (T), mean body temperature (T), minute ventilation (V), and oxygen consumption (VO) were measured throughout exercise. Blood samples collected at Pre, Post, 1 h-Post, and 3 h-Post exercise were assayed for immune markers including Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ).
As compared to CONTROL, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection did not cause greater elevations in HR, T, T, V or VO during 1 h of cycling exercise [all p > 0.05]. The increase in IL-1RA at 1 h-Post exercise in SARS-CoV-2 (195 ± 104%, p = 0.012) was greater than the increase in CONTROL (44 ± 18%, p = 0.002). IFN-y was elevated at 1 h-Post exercise in SARS-CoV-2 (105 ± 50%, p = 0.021) but did not increase following exercise in CONTROL (p > 0.05).
Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection did not alter metabolic responses or increase the rate of rise in HR, T or T during matched workload cycling exercise under hot, moderately humid ambient conditions. IL-1RA is an anti-inflammatory cytokine and IFN-y exhibits direct anti-viral activity, suggesting that immunocompetence was maintained during exertional heat stress.
先前有病毒感染被认为会增加劳力性中暑（EHS）风险。本研究检测了先前临床诊断为感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的人群在炎热、中度潮湿环境条件下进行1小时骑行运动时的生理和免疫反应。
14名男性和6名女性（年龄：21±1岁，身高：1.7±0.1米，体重：70.7±2.6千克，最大摄氧量：47±1毫升·千克去脂体重·分钟）在环境舱（35℃/35%相对湿度）中以能产生7.0瓦/千克代谢产热的强度完成了1小时的骑行运动。10名参与者先前被诊断为感染SARS-CoV-2，10名参与者作为对照组。在整个运动过程中测量生理参数，包括心率（HR）、食管温度（T）、平均体温（T̅）、分钟通气量（V̇E）和耗氧量（VO₂）。在运动前、运动后、运动后1小时和运动后3小时采集的血样检测免疫标志物，包括白细胞介素1受体拮抗剂（IL-1RA）和干扰素γ（IFN-γ）。
与对照组相比，先前感染SARS-CoV-2在1小时骑行运动期间并未导致HR、T、T̅、V̇E或VO₂有更大幅度升高[所有p>0.05]。SARS-CoV-2组运动后1小时IL-1RA的升高幅度（195±104%，p=0.012）大于对照组（44±18%，p=0.002）。SARS-CoV-2组运动后1小时IFN-γ升高（105±50%，p=0.021），但对照组运动后未升高（p>0.05）。
先前感染SARS-CoV-2在炎热、中度潮湿环境条件下进行匹配工作量骑行运动时，并未改变代谢反应或增加HR、T或T̅的上升速率。IL-1RA是一种抗炎细胞因子，IFN-γ具有直接抗病毒活性，这表明在劳力性热应激期间免疫能力得以维持。
