Meng Fanju W, Murphy Patrick J
Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2025;2923:17-32. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4522-2_2.
Epigenetic reprogramming of chromatin, mediated through modifications to canonical histones and the incorporation of histone variants, plays a central role in the establishment of cell identity and regulation of gene expression programs. Such epigenetic programming becomes particularly important during the development of highly specialized cell types such as germ cells-sperm and oocytes, and stem cells within the blastula of early embryos. Determining patterns of epigenetic modifications within these cell types can be particularly challenging due to technical limitations associated with limited starting materials. Here we present a brief overview of studies focused on epigenetic reprogramming during the transition from sperm to blastula stage embryos and compare between several diverse model systems including Drosophila, zebrafish and mammals. Furthermore, we discuss and compare prevailing genomic profiling approaches, such as ChIP-Seq, CUT&Tag, and CUT&RUN, for performing genome-wide epigenomic analysis.
通过对经典组蛋白的修饰以及组蛋白变体的掺入介导的染色质表观遗传重编程，在细胞身份的确立和基因表达程序的调控中起着核心作用。这种表观遗传编程在高度特化的细胞类型（如生殖细胞——精子和卵母细胞，以及早期胚胎囊胚内的干细胞）的发育过程中变得尤为重要。由于与起始材料有限相关的技术限制，确定这些细胞类型中的表观遗传修饰模式可能特别具有挑战性。在这里，我们简要概述了专注于从精子到囊胚期胚胎过渡期间表观遗传重编程的研究，并比较了包括果蝇、斑马鱼和哺乳动物在内的几种不同模型系统。此外，我们讨论并比较了用于进行全基因组表观基因组分析的流行基因组分析方法，如ChIP-Seq、CUT&Tag和CUT&RUN。
