Fan Jiayu, Chen Xuegang, Zhang Weihong, Zhao Mei, Yang Xinlu
School of Geographical Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
College of Political Science and Law, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 26;15(1):18433. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02665-w.
The urban heat island effect seriously challenges the sustainability and livability of urban development. Air pollutants (AP) may play a mediating role in the impact of urban morphology (UM) on the canopy layer urban heat island intensity (CLUHII) and the surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII). To verify this hypothesis, taking Urumqi as an example, we use the ridge regression model to reveal the differences in the impacts of UM and AP on the two types of urban heat island intensity (UHII). A structural equation model was established to verify the mediating effect of AP. The results show that: (1) There are differences in the optimal research units for UM and CLUHII and SUHII, which are 500 m and 300 m respectively. (2) Whether it is CLUHII or SUHII, the impact of two - dimensional urban morphology indicators are greater than that of three - dimensional urban morphology indicators. (3) There are similarities and differences in the impact of urban morphology indicators on the two types of UHII. The effects of standard deviation of building height, floor area ratio, and sky view factor on the two are opposite. (4) Air pollutants (PM, PM, NO) have significant mediating effects between building density, impervious surface percent, green coverage ratio, mean building height, standard deviation of building height, floor area ratio, sky view factor, and the two types of UHII. This study provides a reliable reference for urban planning aimed at mitigating the urban heat island effect and air pollution.
城市热岛效应严重挑战城市发展的可持续性和宜居性。空气污染物（AP）可能在城市形态（UM）对冠层城市热岛强度（CLUHII）和地表城市热岛强度（SUHII）的影响中起中介作用。为验证这一假设，以乌鲁木齐为例，我们使用岭回归模型揭示UM和AP对两种类型城市热岛强度（UHII）影响的差异。建立结构方程模型以验证AP的中介效应。结果表明：（1）UM与CLUHII和SUHII的最优研究单元存在差异，分别为500米和300米。（2）无论是CLUHII还是SUHII，二维城市形态指标的影响均大于三维城市形态指标。（3）城市形态指标对两种类型的UHII的影响存在异同。建筑高度标准差、容积率和天空开阔度因子对二者的影响相反。（4）空气污染物（PM、PM、NO）在建筑密度、不透水表面百分比、绿化覆盖率、平均建筑高度、建筑高度标准差、容积率、天空开阔度因子与两种类型的UHII之间具有显著的中介效应。本研究为旨在缓解城市热岛效应和空气污染的城市规划提供了可靠参考。
