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用于穿刺后护理的新型凝胶:评估普拉洛芬制剂在减轻炎症方面的疗效。

Novel Gels for Post-Piercing Care: Evaluating the Efficacy of Pranoprofen Formulations in Reducing Inflammation.

作者信息

Ahmadi Negar, Rincón Maria, Mallandrich Mireia, Suñer-Carbó Joaquim, Sosa Lilian, Zelaya Mireya, Martinez-Ruiz Sergio, Cordero Cecilia, Calpena Ana C

机构信息

Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

Department of Materials Science and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Barcelona, C. Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

出版信息

Gels. 2025 Apr 30;11(5):334. doi: 10.3390/gels11050334.

Abstract

Mild to moderate pain for a few hours to several days post-piercing is normal, and the pain is usually accompanied by swelling, redness, and warmth due to the inflammatory response. Cool compresses and over-the-counter analgesics (e.g., NSAIDs) can ease mild discomfort. However, oral NSAIDs may have systemic side effects; for this reason, we propose a topical anti-inflammatory approach. Four pranoprofen-loaded gels were created using different gelling agents: Sepigel 305 (PF-Gel-Sep), Carbopol 940 (PF-Gel-Car), Pluronic F-68 (PF-Gel-Plu), and Lutrol F-127 (PF-Gel-Lut). The gels were assessed for pH, morphology, FT-IR spectroscopy, rheological properties, spreadability, swelling and degradation, drug release kinetics, skin permeation (cow and human skin), irritation potential (HET-CAM assay), and impact on skin barrier function (TEWL and SCH). The gels exhibited varied rheological properties with PF-Gel-Car showing high viscosity and PF-Gel-Plu very low viscosity. All gels had similar spreadability with PF-Gel-Lut showing the highest. PF-Gel-Car showed the highest amounts of PF released, whereas PF-Gel-Plu led to the highest amount of pranoprofen retained in human and bovine skin. The HET-CAM assay indicated that none of the PF-Gels were irritating. Additionally, PF-Gel-Car and PF-Gel-Plu showed no cytotoxic effects on HaCaT cells. In vivo testing on mice showed that PF-Gel-Car prevented inflammation, while the rest of the gels were able to revert it in 25 min. Skin tolerance tests revealed the gels did not affect TEWL, and some gels improved SCH. The study successfully formulated and characterized four PF-loaded topical gels with potential to be used as an alternative for treating inflammation from piercings and ear tags.

摘要

穿刺后数小时至数天出现轻至中度疼痛是正常的,由于炎症反应,疼痛通常伴有肿胀、发红和发热。冷敷和非处方镇痛药(如非甾体抗炎药)可缓解轻度不适。然而,口服非甾体抗炎药可能有全身副作用;因此,我们提出一种局部抗炎方法。使用不同的胶凝剂制备了四种载有普拉洛芬的凝胶:Sepigel 305(PF-Gel-Sep)、卡波姆940(PF-Gel-Car)、普朗尼克F-68(PF-Gel-Plu)和 Lutrol F-127(PF-Gel-Lut)。对凝胶进行了pH值、形态、傅里叶变换红外光谱、流变学性质、铺展性、溶胀和降解、药物释放动力学、皮肤渗透(牛和人皮肤)、刺激潜力(鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜试验)以及对皮肤屏障功能的影响(经皮水分流失和皮肤电容)评估。凝胶表现出不同的流变学性质,PF-Gel-Car显示出高粘度,而PF-Gel-Plu粘度非常低。所有凝胶的铺展性相似,PF-Gel-Lut的铺展性最高。PF-Gel-Car释放的PF量最高,而PF-Gel-Plu导致在人和牛皮肤中保留的普拉洛芬量最高。鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜试验表明,所有PF凝胶均无刺激性。此外,PF-Gel-Car和PF-Gel-Plu对HaCaT细胞无细胞毒性作用。对小鼠的体内试验表明,PF-Gel-Car可预防炎症,而其余凝胶能够在25分钟内使其恢复。皮肤耐受性试验表明,凝胶不影响经皮水分流失,一些凝胶改善了皮肤电容。该研究成功制备并表征了四种载有PF的局部凝胶,有可能用作治疗穿刺和耳标引起的炎症的替代方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/fbe6/12110840/718b0f0492d9/gels-11-00334-g001.jpg

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