Song Jiahe, Yuan Shiping, Liu Shujuan, Wang Yunsong, Yang Bocan, Ji Linwan, He Liangcan, Liu Shaoqin
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
J Mater Chem B. 2025 Jun 18;13(24):7181-7195. doi: 10.1039/d5tb00407a.
Oral problems caused by pathogens and tooth discoloration have posed great threats to public health in recent years. Timely killing of cariogenic bacteria and removing surface pigments are the key points to treat yellow teeth to restore healthy whitening. Piezo-photocatalysis has been proved to be an effective strategy for treating yellow teeth. However, few effective and safe nanomaterials have been developed to address this issue in the oral field. Herein, yellow light-responsive SnO/SnS heterostructures are proposed for piezo-photocatalytic biofilm eradication and tooth whitening for the first time. Initially, XRD and HRTEM results experimentally verified the formation of SnO/SnS heterostructures. Further, UV-vis DRS spectra indicated that the absorbance in the visible region was effectively improved after the formation of SnO/SnS heterostructures. Subsequently, yellow light with excellent biocompatibility was combined with ultrasonic treatment to explore the piezo-photocatalytic performances of SnO/SnS for tooth whitening and biofilm removal. Results demonstrated that the SnO/SnS heterostructure prepared with a TAA : SnO molar ratio of 1 : 1 for 3 h exhibited the best piezo-photocatalytic performance. The degradation efficiency for the food colorant indigo carmine reached 94.12%, which was much higher than that of single SnS (48.31%), single SnO (near zero) and treating with only irradiation (63.03%) and only ultrasonic (79.41%). Simultaneously, the heterostructures exhibited excellent piezo-photocatalytic tooth whitening effect on stained teeth. Moreover, the SnO/SnS heterojunctions exhibited excellent piezo-photocatalytic performances in bacteria killing and biofilm removal, and the antibacterial efficiencies reached 77.3% and 56.5% for planktonic and biofilms, respectively. In addition, synergistic treating process of SnO/SnS heterostructures resulted in excellent biocompatibility, including much less cytotoxicity and negligible enamel damage. In-depth mechanism investigation indicated that the improved piezo-photocatalytic performances were due to the increased carrier separation efficiency and ROS productivity of SnO/SnS heterostructures, demonstrating the great potential of SnO/SnS heterostructures for future dental care field.
近年来，由病原体引起的口腔问题和牙齿变色对公众健康构成了巨大威胁。及时杀灭致龋细菌并去除表面色素是治疗黄牙以恢复健康美白的关键。压电光催化已被证明是一种治疗黄牙的有效策略。然而，在口腔领域，很少有有效且安全的纳米材料被开发用于解决这一问题。在此，首次提出了对黄光响应的SnO/SnS异质结构用于压电光催化消除生物膜和牙齿美白。首先，XRD和HRTEM结果通过实验验证了SnO/SnS异质结构的形成。此外，紫外可见漫反射光谱表明，SnO/SnS异质结构形成后，可见光区域的吸光度得到了有效提高。随后，将具有优异生物相容性的黄光与超声处理相结合，探究SnO/SnS用于牙齿美白和生物膜去除的压电光催化性能。结果表明，以TAA:SnO摩尔比为1:1制备3小时的SnO/SnS异质结构表现出最佳的压电光催化性能。食用色素靛蓝胭脂红的降解效率达到94.12%，远高于单一SnS（48.31%）、单一SnO（接近零）以及仅光照处理（63.03%）和仅超声处理（79.41%）。同时，该异质结构对染色牙齿表现出优异的压电光催化牙齿美白效果。此外，SnO/SnS异质结在细菌杀灭和生物膜去除方面表现出优异的压电光催化性能，对浮游菌和生物膜的抗菌效率分别达到77.3%和56.5%。此外，SnO/SnS异质结构的协同处理过程具有优异的生物相容性，包括更低的细胞毒性和可忽略不计的牙釉质损伤。深入的机理研究表明，压电光催化性能的提高归因于SnO/SnS异质结构中载流子分离效率和ROS生成率的增加，这表明SnO/SnS异质结构在未来牙科护理领域具有巨大潜力。
