Wang Yuefan, Jin Ramon U, Xu Joanne, Lin Ding Chiao, Sun Zhenyu, Xu Yuanwei, Li Qing K, Zhang Hui
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Division of Oncology and Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Trends Cancer. 2025 Aug;11(8):753-769. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2025.04.011. Epub 2025 May 27.
Gastric cancer arises from complex carcinogenic factor interactions, with limited treatment options due to the lack of targetable driver gene mutations and significant tumor heterogeneity. Recent studies have provided promising novel approaches to improve our understanding of gastric cancer heterogeneity through integrated characterization, combining genomics with emerging technologies. Delineating the molecular changes and targeting specific molecular subtypes will enhance the efficacy of gastric cancer treatment and improve clinical outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current technologies used in gastric cancer research, highlighting key discoveries and treatment strategies driven by these innovations. Finally, we discuss the emerging technology-guided directions and potential breakthroughs that could enhance the understanding of gastric cancer tumor heterogeneity, ultimately improving clinical outcomes.
胃癌源于复杂的致癌因素相互作用，由于缺乏可靶向的驱动基因突变和显著的肿瘤异质性，治疗选择有限。最近的研究提供了有前景的新方法，通过整合基因组学与新兴技术进行综合表征，以增进我们对胃癌异质性的理解。描绘分子变化并靶向特定分子亚型将提高胃癌治疗的疗效并改善临床结果。本综述全面概述了目前用于胃癌研究的技术，突出了这些创新所驱动的关键发现和治疗策略。最后，我们讨论了新兴技术引导的方向以及可能增强对胃癌肿瘤异质性理解、最终改善临床结果的潜在突破。
