Zhang Shengli, Shan Xiaojing, Wang Yun, Lu Tairui, Xu Daxing, Gong Han, Fan Yuchao, Guan Yuanyuan, Zhao Junjie, Sun Haili, Li Dongfang, Hu Haiyan, Ru Zhengang, Gu Yong Q
School of Life Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Eastern HuaLan Avenue, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China.
Theor Appl Genet. 2025 May 27;138(6):128. doi: 10.1007/s00122-025-04919-7.
LMWgs Finder developed by this study was used to re-identify the LMW-GS genes in a total of 26 genomes across the grass family and several important and novel findings were obtained. LMW-GS are one of the primary components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed storage proteins, which have an important impact on wheat end-use quality traits. Identifying LMW-GS genes accurately within wheat genomes has consistently presented a significant challenge. LMWgsFinder developed by this study was used to re-identify the LMW-GS genes in a total of 26 genomes of the grass family. Apart from six species, a total of 291 LMW-GS genes were identified. Except for the two versions of the TaCS (Triticum aestivum Chinese Spring) genome, only 38.13% (98/257) of the LMW-GS genes identified by LMWgsFinder were annotated in the coding sequence annotation files (provided by the sequencing research groups) of the remaining 18 genomes. EnSpm-like transposon activity mediated recent duplication or triplication of the same LMW-GS gene has been observed in 8 wheat species for the first time, indicating that the replication of LMW-GS genes has been ongoing alongside the evolution of wheat. Several cases of rare structural variations associated with the loss or acquisition of LMW-GS gene function have been discovered and experimentally verified. Twenty-one new LMW-GS genes were discovered in 15 species of Triticeae. The results of this study provide the first empirical support at the DNA level, with confirmed chromosomal localization information, for the widely accepted notion that LMW-GS genes undergo gene duplication during wheat evolution. Additionally, this study offers gene sequence resources and a wealth of valuable information for further research on LMW-GS gene function, molecular-assisted selection, gene aggregation breeding, and molecular design breeding.
本研究开发的LMWgs Finder用于重新鉴定禾本科26个基因组中的低分子量谷蛋白亚基（LMW-GS）基因，并获得了一些重要的新发现。LMW-GS是小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）种子贮藏蛋白的主要成分之一，对小麦的最终使用品质性状有重要影响。在小麦基因组中准确鉴定LMW-GS基因一直是一项重大挑战。本研究开发的LMWgs Finder用于重新鉴定禾本科26个基因组中的LMW-GS基因。除6个物种外，共鉴定出291个LMW-GS基因。除了两个版本的TaCS（中国春小麦）基因组外，在其余18个基因组的编码序列注释文件（由测序研究小组提供）中，LMWgsFinder鉴定出的LMW-GS基因只有38.13%（98/257）得到注释。首次在8个小麦品种中观察到EnSpm样转座子活性介导了同一LMW-GS基因的近期复制或三倍化，这表明LMW-GS基因的复制与小麦的进化同步进行。已经发现并通过实验验证了几例与LMW-GS基因功能丧失或获得相关的罕见结构变异。在15个小麦族物种中发现了21个新的LMW-GS基因。本研究结果为广泛接受的LMW-GS基因在小麦进化过程中发生基因复制这一观点提供了DNA水平的首个实证支持，并带有已确认的染色体定位信息。此外，本研究为进一步研究LMW-GS基因功能、分子辅助选择、基因聚合育种和分子设计育种提供了基因序列资源和大量有价值的信息。
