Wang Quansheng, Zhou Ziyao, Huang Lansong
Law School, Shandong University, Weihai, China.
BMC Public Health. 2025 May 27;25(1):1958. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-23111-6.
This study aims to examine the current policy documents on building healthy cities in China. This will provide ideas for improving these policies and fostering the growth of healthy cities.
The NVivo software was used to analyze policy tools and construction areas for healthy city development. Policy documents on healthy urban development issued by central government authorities from 2009 to 2023 were selected. Demand, supply, and environmental policy were the three categories of recognized policy instruments. Health services, health environment, health culture, health society, and healthy people are the five pillars of a healthy city.
This paper analyzes policy documents on healthy urban development in China from two dimensions. The policy tool is on the X-axis, and the field of healthy city construction is on the Y-axis. Regarding the dimension of policy instruments, supply-based policies were used most frequently, at 62.9%. Environmental policies are implemented 26.5% of the time in conjunction with economic policies. Following this, demand-based policies have a frequency of 10.6%. From the perspective of two-dimensional shapes on policy instruments and healthy city building domains, each of the five fields of healthy city construction focuses on using three policy instruments. From the two-dimensional perspective of policy tools and healthy city building domains, each of the five fields of healthy city construction focuses on using three policy instruments.
The results show that China's current healthy city policies use a mix of policies to manage supply, environment, and demand. Most of these policies are based on supply, with high levels of government involvement. However, more policies are needed. They encourage individuals, families, communities, and social groups to participate freely in the policy process. In the future, the combination of policy tools can be quickly adjusted to enhance the effectiveness of policy implementation. At the national level, a strong commitment is made to promote healthy urban development. However, the use of policy tools across different construction sectors needs to be evenly distributed. It must be acknowledged that the effectiveness of policy tools in enhancing efficiency requires further investigation. However, the current study needs to be revised. Differences in the understanding of policy instruments may lead to different results, thus affecting the effectiveness of policy recommendations.
本研究旨在审视中国当前关于建设健康城市的政策文件。这将为改进这些政策以及促进健康城市的发展提供思路。
运用NVivo软件分析健康城市发展的政策工具和建设领域。选取了2009年至2023年中央政府部门发布的关于健康城市发展的政策文件。需求、供给和环境政策是三类公认的政策工具。健康服务、健康环境、健康文化、健康社会和健康人群是健康城市的五大支柱。
本文从两个维度分析了中国关于健康城市发展的政策文件。政策工具位于X轴，健康城市建设领域位于Y轴。在政策工具维度方面，以供给为基础的政策使用最为频繁，占62.9%。环境政策有26.5%的时间与经济政策联合实施。其次，以需求为基础的政策出现频率为10.6%。从政策工具与健康城市建设领域的二维形态来看，健康城市建设的五个领域各自都侧重于使用三种政策工具。从政策工具与健康城市建设领域的二维视角来看，健康城市建设的五个领域各自都侧重于使用三种政策工具。
结果表明，中国当前的健康城市政策采用多种政策来管理供给、环境和需求。这些政策大多基于供给，政府参与程度较高。然而，还需要更多政策。它们应鼓励个人、家庭、社区和社会群体自由参与政策过程。未来，政策工具的组合可迅速调整，以提高政策实施的有效性。在国家层面，大力致力于促进健康城市发展。然而，政策工具在不同建设部门的使用需要均衡分布。必须承认，政策工具在提高效率方面的有效性有待进一步研究。然而，当前的研究需要修订。对政策工具理解的差异可能导致不同结果，进而影响政策建议的有效性。
