Zang Zeyi, Dolcos Florin, Hohl Kelly, Bogdan Paul C, Dolcos Sanda
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 May 7;15(5):636. doi: 10.3390/bs15050636.
Emotion regulation (ER) strategies, such as reappraisal and suppression, have been linked to psychological well-being. The available evidence points to the differential impact of ER strategies on resilience and post-traumatic growth (PTG), as factors related to well-being, as well as to sex differences in the link between ER preference and well-being. However, previous studies are mixed regarding these links. To address this issue, college students (N = 1254) recruited between 2020 and 2023 reported their habitual use of ER strategies, resilience and PTG during the COVID-19 pandemic, which, as a global health crisis, has raised not only severe physical health concerns but also mental distress. First, reappraisal was positively associated with both resilience and PTG, whereas suppression was negatively correlated with these measures. Second, female participants had lower suppression scores and higher PTG scores than male participants. Third, a moderation analysis showed that the positive relationship between reappraisal and PTG was stronger in female participants, whereas the negative relationship between suppression and PTG was stronger in male participants. Overall, these findings shed light on the links among ER strategies, resilience, and PTG and have relevance for customized training in the use of reappraisal to increase well-being in women and men.
情绪调节（ER）策略，如重新评价和抑制，已被证明与心理健康有关。现有证据表明，ER策略对复原力和创伤后成长（PTG）（作为与幸福感相关的因素）有不同的影响，同时也表明在ER偏好与幸福感之间的联系上存在性别差异。然而，以往关于这些联系的研究结果并不一致。为了解决这个问题，2020年至2023年招募的1254名大学生报告了他们在新冠疫情期间习惯性使用的ER策略、复原力和PTG。新冠疫情作为一场全球健康危机，不仅引发了人们对严重身体健康问题的担忧，也导致了心理困扰。首先，重新评价与复原力和PTG均呈正相关，而抑制则与这些指标呈负相关。其次，女性参与者的抑制得分低于男性参与者，PTG得分高于男性参与者。第三，一项调节分析表明，重新评价与PTG之间的正向关系在女性参与者中更强，而抑制与PTG之间的负向关系在男性参与者中更强。总体而言，这些发现揭示了ER策略、复原力和PTG之间的联系，对于通过定制培训使用重新评价来提高男性和女性的幸福感具有重要意义。
