Cao Yuhan, Hu Qin, Xue Feng
School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medicinal Substance and Utilization of Fresh Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 May 15;17(10):1346. doi: 10.3390/polym17101346.
The structural and functional characteristics of oil body proteins (OBPs) isolated from hemp, plum, and jujube seeds were systematically investigated, along with their potential application in constructing curcumin-loaded artificial oleosomes (AOs). OBPs were extracted through alkaline extraction coupled with ultrasonic disruption, followed by comprehensive physicochemical characterization using SDS-PAGE, FTIR spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and evaluation of particle size, zeta potential, surface hydrophobicity, solubility, thermal stability, and emulsification properties. Plum seed-derived OBPs were found to demonstrate superior emulsifying capacity and solubility, which were attributed to distinctive structural features, including the following: an elevated random coil content (13%), enhanced surface hydrophobicity (21,781 A.U.), reduced particle size (103 nm), and higher zeta potential (-46 mV). These structural advantages were correlated with improved interfacial adsorption capacity and colloidal stability. When employed in AO fabrication, plum seed OBPs produced curcumin-loaded systems exhibiting maximum encapsulation efficiency (92%), minimal droplet size (5.99 μm), and optimal bio-accessibility (50%) compared to their hemp- and jujube-based counterparts. Furthermore, AOs utilizing plum seed OBPs displayed enhanced antioxidant activity and significantly improved stability. The collective findings establish plum seed OBPs as exceptional natural emulsifiers with strong potential for bioactive compound delivery applications.
系统研究了从大麻、李子和枣种子中分离出的油体蛋白（OBP）的结构和功能特性，以及它们在构建负载姜黄素的人工油体（AO）中的潜在应用。通过碱性提取结合超声破碎法提取OBP，随后使用SDS-PAGE、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、荧光光谱对其进行全面的物理化学表征，并评估其粒径、zeta电位、表面疏水性、溶解度、热稳定性和乳化性能。发现李子种子来源的OBP具有优异的乳化能力和溶解度，这归因于其独特的结构特征，包括：较高的无规卷曲含量（13%）、增强的表面疏水性（21,781 AU）、减小的粒径（103 nm）和更高的zeta电位（-46 mV）。这些结构优势与改善的界面吸附能力和胶体稳定性相关。在AO制备中，与基于大麻和枣的OBP相比，李子种子OBP制备的负载姜黄素体系表现出最大包封效率（92%）、最小液滴尺寸（5.99μm）和最佳生物可及性（50%）。此外，利用李子种子OBP的AO显示出增强的抗氧化活性和显著提高的稳定性。这些研究结果表明，李子种子OBP是具有生物活性化合物递送应用巨大潜力的优异天然乳化剂。
