Wilińska Karolina, Kozuń Marta, Pezowicz Celina
Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 May 16;17(10):1363. doi: 10.3390/polym17101363.
This study investigates the elastic properties of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) produced through Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) (HP Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA) additive technology. TPU specimens of varying thicknesses (0.5 mm to 1.0 mm) and orientations (horizontal, diagonal, vertical) were tested. Results show anisotropic behavior, with diagonally oriented specimens exhibiting the highest elastic properties. The study emphasizes the importance of specifying the method for determining elastic properties in TPU filaments for accurate material selection in applications. The findings highlight that a single-value Young's modulus is insufficient to describe TPU's elastic behavior, emphasizing the need for more detailed methodological specification in material datasheets. Additionally, SEM (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). analysis reveals that build orientation significantly affects failure modes in MJF-printed TPU: vertical prints tend to fracture in a brittle-like manner due to interlayer delamination, whereas horizontal and diagonal orientations promote ductile failure with better layer cohesion. These insights are critical for both accurate material selection and for optimizing TPU parts in functional applications, particularly where mechanical performance under tension is essential.
本研究调查了通过多射流熔融（MJF）（美国加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托市惠普公司）增材制造技术生产的热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）的弹性性能。对不同厚度（0.5毫米至1.0毫米）和取向（水平、对角、垂直）的TPU试样进行了测试。结果显示出各向异性行为，其中对角取向的试样表现出最高的弹性性能。该研究强调了在TPU长丝中指定确定弹性性能的方法对于应用中准确选材的重要性。研究结果突出表明，单一值的杨氏模量不足以描述TPU的弹性行为，强调了材料数据表中需要更详细的方法规范。此外，扫描电子显微镜（SEM，美国马萨诸塞州沃尔瑟姆市赛默飞世尔科技公司）分析表明，成型取向显著影响MJF打印TPU的失效模式：垂直打印由于层间分层往往以类似脆性的方式断裂，而水平和对角取向则通过更好的层内聚力促进韧性失效。这些见解对于准确选材以及在功能应用中优化TPU部件至关重要，特别是在拉伸状态下的机械性能至关重要的情况下。
