Tang Gan
School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 May 20;25(10):3206. doi: 10.3390/s25103206.
Advanced multi-channel acoustic emission (AE) monitoring systems often rely on complex and costly architectures, especially those requiring custom FPGA-based hardware. In this work, we present a digital signal processing (DSP)-based approach to high-performance AE acquisition, implemented using a simplified analog front-end (AFE) and a commercially available synchronous data acquisition (DAQ) card (NI USB-6356). This design eliminates the need for specialized FPGA development, improving accessibility and reducing system complexity. A key feature of the system is the replacement of traditional analog filters with a software-defined digital band-pass filtering module implemented in LabVIEW. This allows for real-time or post-processing filtering with adjustable parameters, enhancing flexibility in data analysis. The system supports 8-channel synchronous sampling at 1.25 MS/s, and performance evaluations demonstrate a dynamic range of 79.22 dB and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 85.39 dB. These results confirm the system's ability to maintain high fidelity in AE signal acquisition without the need for dedicated hardware filtering or custom DAQ hardware. The proposed method offers a practical and validated alternative for multi-channel AE monitoring, with potential applications in structural health monitoring, materials testing, and other engineering domains.
先进的多通道声发射（AE）监测系统通常依赖于复杂且昂贵的架构，尤其是那些需要基于定制FPGA硬件的系统。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种基于数字信号处理（DSP）的高性能AE采集方法，该方法使用简化的模拟前端（AFE）和市售的同步数据采集（DAQ）卡（NI USB - 6356）来实现。这种设计无需专门的FPGA开发，提高了可及性并降低了系统复杂性。该系统的一个关键特性是用在LabVIEW中实现的软件定义数字带通滤波模块取代了传统的模拟滤波器。这允许进行具有可调参数的实时或后处理滤波，增强了数据分析的灵活性。该系统支持以1.25 MS/s的速率进行8通道同步采样，性能评估表明其动态范围为79.22 dB，信噪比（SNR）为85.39 dB。这些结果证实了该系统在无需专用硬件滤波或定制DAQ硬件的情况下，能够在AE信号采集中保持高保真度。所提出的方法为多通道AE监测提供了一种实用且经过验证的替代方案，在结构健康监测、材料测试及其他工程领域具有潜在应用。
