Berber Engin, Pantouli Fani, Hanley Hannah B, Ross Ted M
Department of Infection Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port Saint Lucie, FL 34987, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2025 May 16;13(5):531. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13050531.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The co-circulation of both influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2 poses a significant health risk, especially for the elderly. While vaccination against both diseases remains an effective strategy to reduce the burden of symptomatic infections, the effect of administering COVID-19 mRNA and seasonal influenza vaccines (COV-Flu) on elicited antibody responses has not been explored.
Participants between 18 and 90 years old were vaccinated with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines ( = 67), seasonal influenza vaccines ( = 130), or both ( = 201) within a three-month period between 2021 and 2024. Serum hemagglutination-inhibition (HAI) titers against influenza A (H1N1, H3N2) and B (Yamagata, Victoria) strains were measured from the COV-Flu participants or the participants vaccinated with influenza vaccines only (mono-Flu). SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assays were performed on sera collected from the COV-Flu participants and the participants receiving the mRNA vaccine only (mono-COVID-19).
The administration of influenza virus vaccines and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines within a three-month period significantly enhanced the post-vaccination HAI titers against both influenza A and B vaccine components, particularly in the elderly (65-90) participants. There were no significant differences in SARS-CoV-2 neutralization titers in COV-Flu participants compared to mono-COVID-19 participants.
Vaccination with both the COVID-19 mRNA and influenza vaccines enhances influenza-specific HAI titers without compromising the neutralization titers elicited by COVID-19 mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, especially in the elderly. These findings indicate the potential benefits of this approach, particularly for older adults, by boosting influenza virus vaccine-induced serum HAI activity while maintaining COVID-19 protective immunity.
背景/目的：流感病毒和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）共同传播带来了重大健康风险，对老年人尤其如此。虽然针对这两种疾病进行疫苗接种仍然是减轻有症状感染负担的有效策略，但新冠病毒信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗和季节性流感疫苗（COV-Flu）联合接种对引发抗体反应的影响尚未得到研究。
2021年至2024年期间，18至90岁的参与者在三个月内接种了新冠病毒mRNA疫苗（n = 67）、季节性流感疫苗（n = 130）或两者（n = 201）。从COV-Flu参与者或仅接种流感疫苗的参与者（单一流感疫苗）中测量针对甲型流感（H1N1、H3N2）和乙型流感（山形株、维多利亚株）毒株的血清血凝抑制（HAI）滴度。对从COV-Flu参与者和仅接受mRNA疫苗的参与者（单一新冠病毒疫苗）中收集的血清进行SARS-CoV-2中和试验。
在三个月内接种流感病毒疫苗和新冠病毒mRNA疫苗显著提高了接种后针对甲型和乙型流感疫苗成分的HAI滴度，在老年（65 - 90岁）参与者中尤为明显。与单一新冠病毒疫苗参与者相比，COV-Flu参与者的SARS-CoV-2中和滴度没有显著差异。
接种新冠病毒mRNA疫苗和流感疫苗可提高流感特异性HAI滴度，同时不影响新冠病毒mRNA疫苗接种针对SARS-CoV-2引发的中和滴度，尤其是在老年人中。这些发现表明了这种方法的潜在益处，特别是对老年人而言，通过增强流感病毒疫苗诱导的血清HAI活性，同时维持新冠病毒的保护性免疫。
