Whooping cough in the most vulnerable: A case series of pertussis in infants younger than three months in Qatar.

BACKGROUND

Pertussis, a highly contagious disease, has made a resurgence following the easing of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions. Infants under three months old are particularly vulnerable due to their immature immune systems and lack of protective vaccination.

METHODS

This study presents a case series of four infants, aged one to three months, who initially presented with nonspecific respiratory symptoms at Alkhor Hospital between January and June 2024. Subsequent diagnostic testing confirmed pertussis in all four cases. It is noteworthy that all cases involved were previously healthy infants with no underlying health conditions. Additionally, none of the mothers had received the Tdap vaccine during pregnancy.

RESULTS

All infants required hospitalization, with one being admitted to the PICU for eight days. Ultimately, all four infants made a full recovery.

CONCLUSION

Pertussis remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants under three months of age. Given the potential for severe complications and the burden it places on the healthcare system during outbreaks, it is crucial to emphasize preventive measures such as maternal vaccination.