Ye Yu, Zhang Jun, Liu Yue, Sun Xiaochun
School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
Department of Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225001, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 May 28;52(1):509. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10615-y.
The migrasome, a recently discovered organelle formed during cell migration, is a membrane-bound vesicular structure containing numerous smaller intracavitary vesicles and cellular contents. It is generated at the tips and intersections of retraction fibers (RFs). Upon the rupture of RFs, migrasomes can either be engulfed by surrounding cells or undergo lysis to release their contents into the extracellular microenvironment. The process through which cells release their contents via migrasomes is termed migracytosis. Migrasomes play crucial roles in intercellular signaling, cellular homeostasis maintenance, and intercellular material transport. This article provides a comprehensive review of the discovery, biogenesis, isolation and characterization, biological functions of migrasomes, as well as their roles in the occurrence, progression, diagnosis, and treatment of clinical diseases. Furthermore, this paper proposes novel hypotheses and future directions regarding the current research challenges of migrasomes and their potential clinical applications, which may facilitate future clinical diagnosis and treatment involving migrasomes.
迁移小体是细胞迁移过程中最近发现的一种细胞器，是一种膜结合的囊泡结构，含有许多较小的腔内小泡和细胞内容物。它在收缩纤维（RFs）的尖端和交叉点处形成。当RFs破裂时，迁移小体要么被周围细胞吞噬，要么发生裂解，将其内容物释放到细胞外微环境中。细胞通过迁移小体释放其内容物的过程称为迁移胞吐作用。迁移小体在细胞间信号传导、细胞内稳态维持和细胞间物质运输中发挥着关键作用。本文全面综述了迁移小体的发现、生物发生、分离与鉴定、生物学功能，以及它们在临床疾病发生、发展、诊断和治疗中的作用。此外，本文还针对迁移小体当前的研究挑战及其潜在的临床应用提出了新的假设和未来方向，这可能有助于未来涉及迁移小体的临床诊断和治疗。
