Jelsma Auke, Dijkstra Stéphanie, Wiemer Sietske, Vellinga Astrid, de Koning Mariken, Cahn Wiepke, Simons Claudia, van der Pluijm Marieke, de Haan Lieuwe
Psychopathology. 2025 May 28:1-22. doi: 10.1159/000546557.
Self-disturbance phenomena are increasingly recognized as fundamental and debilitating features for patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). The concept of personal recovery describes the process of building a meaningful and satisfying life despite persistent symptoms or challenges related to mental illness. No previous study has investigated the association between self-disturbance phenomena and personal recovery in patients with SSD. Understanding the impact of self-disturbance could strengthen the therapeutic alliance with patients and contribute to the development of treatment strategies supporting their recovery.
To investigate whether severity of self-reported self-disturbance phenomena is associated with the level of self-reported personal recovery in patients with SSD, their unaffected siblings and healthy controls.
In a cross-sectional design with 522 patients with SSD, 608 unaffected siblings and 369 healthy controls, the frequency and distress of self-disturbance phenomena was measured with the Self-Experience Lifetime Frequency Scale (SELF). Personal recovery was assessed with the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS-24). Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between both scales were examined. Subsequent multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to assess additional explained variance in personal recovery by severity of self-disturbance phenomena, adjusting for positive, negative and general symptomatology.
Significant correlations were reported between higher SELF and lower RAS-24 scores for patients (ρ = -0.20, p < 0.001), siblings (ρ = -0.24, p < 0.001) and controls (ρ = -0.16, p < 0.005). The severity of self-disturbance phenomena significantly albeit modestly predicted total personal recovery score after adjusting for positive, negative and general symptoms for patients (R2 Change = 0.035, β = -0.19, p < 0.001).
Current findings suggest that self-reported self-disturbance phenomena are relevant for the personal recovery of patients with SSD. Healthcare practitioners are urged for attention to patients' first-person perspectives, including experiences of self-disturbance.
自我干扰现象日益被视为精神分裂症谱系障碍（SSD）患者的基本且使人衰弱的特征。个人康复的概念描述了尽管存在与精神疾病相关的持续症状或挑战，但仍构建有意义且令人满意生活的过程。此前尚无研究调查SSD患者的自我干扰现象与个人康复之间的关联。了解自我干扰的影响有助于加强与患者的治疗联盟，并有助于制定支持其康复的治疗策略。
调查自我报告的自我干扰现象的严重程度是否与SSD患者、其未受影响的兄弟姐妹及健康对照者自我报告的个人康复水平相关。
采用横断面设计，纳入522例SSD患者、608例未受影响的兄弟姐妹和369例健康对照者，使用自我体验终生频率量表（SELF）测量自我干扰现象的频率和困扰程度。使用康复评估量表（RAS - 24）评估个人康复情况。检验两个量表之间的斯皮尔曼等级相关系数。随后进行多重分层回归分析，以评估自我干扰现象严重程度对个人康复额外的解释方差，同时对阳性、阴性和一般症状进行校正。
患者（ρ = -0.20，p < 0.001）、兄弟姐妹（ρ = -0.24，p < 0.001）和对照者（ρ = -0.16，p < 0.005）的SELF得分越高与RAS - 24得分越低之间存在显著相关性。在对患者的阳性、阴性和一般症状进行校正后，自我干扰现象的严重程度虽适度但显著预测了个人康复总分（R2变化 = 0.035，β = -0.19，p < 0.001）。
目前的研究结果表明，自我报告的自我干扰现象与SSD患者的个人康复相关。敦促医疗从业者关注患者的第一人称视角，包括自我干扰的经历。
