Boonlue Chayapa, Srisawet Siriluk
Faculty of Nursing, Naresuan University, Thailand.
Boromarajonani College of Nursing Nopparat Vajira, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Thailand.
Belitung Nurs J. 2025 May 27;11(3):278-286. doi: 10.33546/bnj.3833. eCollection 2025.
Having a child with a chronic condition presents major stress for parents and can adversely affect parenting quality, thus jeopardizing children's outcomes. Self-compassion serves as an emotion regulation strategy to cope with stress from parenting, but remains unexplored, particularly in the parents' context related to their children's chronic illnesses.
This paper aimed to explore and analyze the concept of self-compassion in parents of children with chronic illnesses to inform future research, clinical practices, and intervention designs for improving parenting outcomes.
Walker and Avant's eight-step concept analysis approach was conducted, which comprised selecting the concept, defining analysis aims, conducting a literature search (2014-2024) using specified keywords across major databases (CINAHL, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Medline, ProQuest, Scopus and Google Scholar), identifying defining attributes, presenting model, borderline, related, and contrary cases, and outlining antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents.
The attributes of self-compassion in parents of children with chronic illnesses consist of self-kindness, common humanity, mindfulness, and motivation to relieve suffering. Antecedents comprise illness perception, social support, and stigma. Consequences are improved parents' psychological well-being (decreased depression, anxiety, parental stress, and burnout), effective parenting (parental responsiveness and mindful parenting), and reduced children's difficulties (internalizing and externalizing symptoms).
This concept analysis offers the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of self-compassion in parents of children with chronic illnesses. Nursing care should focus on self-compassion education that incorporates interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance parents' understanding of their child's illness. Nurses should assess social support, encourage parents to seek support networks, and provide skill training to cope with stigma. Healthcare professionals need training for cultural competence to work with families from diverse cultural backgrounds and manage cultural differences in parenting practices and child-rearing standards.
孩子患有慢性病会给父母带来巨大压力，并可能对养育质量产生不利影响，从而危及孩子的成长结果。自我同情是一种应对养育压力的情绪调节策略，但尚未得到充分探索，尤其是在与孩子慢性病相关的父母情境中。
本文旨在探讨和分析慢性病患儿父母的自我同情概念，为未来改善养育结果的研究、临床实践和干预设计提供参考。
采用沃克和阿凡特的八步概念分析方法，包括选择概念、确定分析目标、使用特定关键词在主要数据库（CINAHL、ScienceDirect、PubMed、Medline、ProQuest、Scopus和谷歌学术）中进行文献检索（2014 - 2024年）、确定定义属性、呈现模型、边界、相关和相反案例，以及概述前因、后果和实证依据。
慢性病患儿父母的自我同情属性包括自我友善、共通人性、正念以及减轻痛苦的动机。前因包括疾病认知、社会支持和耻辱感。后果是父母心理健康状况改善（抑郁、焦虑、父母压力和倦怠减轻）、有效养育（父母反应性和正念养育）以及孩子困难减少（内化和外化症状）。
本概念分析提供了慢性病患儿父母自我同情的前因、属性和后果。护理应注重自我同情教育，纳入跨学科合作以增强父母对孩子疾病的理解。护士应评估社会支持，鼓励父母寻求支持网络，并提供应对耻辱感的技能培训。医疗保健专业人员需要接受文化能力培训，以便与来自不同文化背景的家庭合作，并处理养育实践和育儿标准中的文化差异。
