Cen Wang-Cheng, Liang Jing, Zhang Xiao-Han, Yan Wen-Jing, Qian Jun
School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Front Pediatr. 2025 May 14;13:1573630. doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1573630. eCollection 2025.
With the rise of rural-to-urban labor migration, the number of left-behind children in single-parent families has increased, raising concerns about their mental health. This study examines the impact of left-behind experiences on depression in single-parent left-behind adolescents, particularly focusing on the mediating role of family satisfaction and the moderating effects of exercise frequency and separation age. Using cross-sectional data from the China Psychological Health Guardian Project (CPHG), which includes 23,523 single-parent left-behind adolescents aged 12-18, we collected data on left-behind experiences, depressive symptoms, family satisfaction, exercise frequency, and separation age through questionnaires. Correlation analysis, multiple regression, and moderated mediation models were employed to test the hypotheses. The findings indicate that left-behind experiences significantly predict depressive symptoms ( = 7.77, < 0.001), and family satisfaction serves as a significant mediator in this relationship (Indirect effect = 0.261, = 4.971, < 0.001). Additionally, exercise frequency moderates the effect of family satisfaction on depression ( = 0.42, = 3.681, < 0.001), where higher exercise frequency lessens the negative impact of low family satisfaction on depression. These results highlight the crucial roles of family satisfaction and exercise frequency in reducing depressive symptoms among single-parent left-behind adolescents, suggesting that emotional support and regular exercise can enhance their mental health.
随着农村劳动力向城市迁移的增加，单亲家庭留守儿童的数量也在上升，这引发了对他们心理健康的担忧。本研究考察了留守经历对单亲留守儿童青少年抑郁的影响，特别关注家庭满意度的中介作用以及运动频率和分离年龄的调节作用。利用中国心理健康守护项目（CPHG）的横断面数据，该数据涵盖了23523名12至18岁的单亲留守儿童青少年，我们通过问卷收集了关于留守经历、抑郁症状、家庭满意度、运动频率和分离年龄的数据。采用相关分析、多元回归和调节中介模型来检验假设。研究结果表明，留守经历显著预测抑郁症状（β = 7.77，p < 0.001），家庭满意度在这种关系中起显著中介作用（间接效应 = 0.261，β = 4.971，p < 0.001）。此外，运动频率调节家庭满意度对抑郁的影响（β = 0.42，p = 3.681，p < 0.001），即较高的运动频率减轻了低家庭满意度对抑郁的负面影响。这些结果凸显了家庭满意度和运动频率在减轻单亲留守儿童青少年抑郁症状方面的关键作用，表明情感支持和定期运动可以增强他们的心理健康。
