Long Stephen P
Institute for Genomic Biology and Departments of Plant Biology and of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2025 May 29;380(1927):20240229. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2024.0229.
Predicted changes in atmospheric composition and climate affecting crop productivity are reviewed. These include changes in both average conditions and extreme events, with respect to temperature, drought, flooding and surface ozone, coupled with rising atmospheric [CO]. Impacts on, and means to adapt, crops to these changes are reviewed and outlined. Particular emphasis is given to (i) the results from open air field manipulations of surface atmosphere, temperature and soil water to understand impacts and adaptation and (ii) demonstrated genetic manipulations of photosynthesis and water use that could support future food supply under current and future conditions. Finally, attention is given to means by which crop systems could serve as CO collectors and carbon storage systems. Here, apparent opportunities are outlined for (i) manipulations of crops to enhance carbon storage and (ii) use of high-productivity sustainable perennial C grasses coupled with carbon capture and storage.This article is part of the theme issue 'Crops under stress: can we mitigate the impacts of climate change on agriculture and launch the 'Resilience Revolution'?'.
本文综述了预测的大气成分和气候的变化对作物生产力的影响。这些变化包括平均条件和极端事件的变化，涉及温度、干旱、洪水以及地表臭氧，同时大气中[CO]浓度不断上升。文中回顾并概述了这些变化对作物的影响以及作物适应这些变化的方法。特别强调了：（i）通过对地表大气、温度和土壤水分进行露天田间调控以了解其影响和适应性的研究结果；（ii）已证实的对光合作用和水分利用进行基因调控的方法，这些方法能够在当前和未来条件下保障未来的粮食供应。最后，关注了作物系统作为CO收集器和碳储存系统的方式。在此，概述了明显的机会：（i）通过对作物进行调控以增强碳储存；（ii）利用高产可持续多年生C4草类并结合碳捕获与储存。本文是主题为“受胁迫的作物：我们能否减轻气候变化对农业的影响并发起‘抗逆性革命’？”这一特刊的一部分。
