Kuipers H, Verstappen F T, Keizer H A, Geurten P, van Kranenburg G
Int J Sports Med. 1985 Aug;6(4):197-201. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1025839.
To study the physiologic basis of variability of physical performance in the laboratory, ten male subjects were studied once a week, during a 9-12 month period. Previously, the reference maximal work load attained (Wref) was determined in each subject. The test protocol of the actual study was based on the individual Wref and started at 70% Wref for 5 min whereupon the work load was increased by 5% Wref every 2.5 min to exhaustion. The maximal work load attained (Wmax) was considered as the test performance. Heart rate, respiratory variables, oxygen uptake (VO2), and blood lactate concentration were determined at each work load. The rate of perceived exertion during submaximal and maximal work was also scored. In all subjects, Wmax and VO2max varied randomly, while the coefficient of variation in VO2max (4.20% - 11.35%) exceeded that in Wmax (2.95%-6.83%). No seasonal influences on VO2 max and Wmax were observed. In all subjects the physiologic variables, when plotted as a function of external work load, were shifted to the right with higher Wmax values and to the left with lower Wmax values. With lower Wmax values, the rate of perceived exertion during submaximal work tended to increase. The results suggest that the magnitude of physiologic responses to exercise is related to relative work load and that variability of physical performance is related to changes in gross mechanical efficiency.
为了研究实验室中体能表现变异性的生理基础，在9至12个月的时间里，对10名男性受试者每周进行一次研究。此前，已确定了每名受试者达到的参考最大工作量（Wref）。实际研究的测试方案基于个体的Wref，从70%Wref开始持续5分钟，随后每2.5分钟工作量增加5%Wref直至力竭。达到的最大工作量（Wmax）被视为测试表现。在每个工作量水平下测定心率、呼吸变量、摄氧量（VO2）和血乳酸浓度。还对次最大和最大工作量期间的主观用力感觉率进行评分。在所有受试者中，Wmax和VO2max随机变化，而VO2max的变异系数（4.20% - 11.35%）超过了Wmax的变异系数（2.95% - 6.83%）。未观察到季节对VO2max和Wmax的影响。在所有受试者中，当将生理变量绘制为外部工作量的函数时，随着Wmax值较高而向右移动，随着Wmax值较低而向左移动。Wmax值较低时，次最大工作量期间的主观用力感觉率趋于增加。结果表明，运动的生理反应幅度与相对工作量有关，体能表现的变异性与总机械效率的变化有关。
