Rajpoot Satyapal, Kumar Rajneesh, Singh Rajveer, Chandel Shivani
Department of Pharmacognosy, ISF College of Pharmacy, GT Road, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2025 May 29;52(1):516. doi: 10.1007/s11033-025-10633-w.
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a solid Pediatric tumor that forms in immature nerve cells. Commonly affecting the adrenal glands, spinal cord, or neck. This cancer is prevalent in children under five years old and accounts for over 15% of cancer-related deaths in this age group. Low-risk tumors can be treated surgically, intermediate-risk tumors require surgery and chemotherapy, and radiation therapy for high-risk Advancements in treatment through FDA-approved drugs and plant-derived compounds. FDA-approved drugs like Entrectinib, Dinutuximab, Unitaxin, Doxorubicin, Hydrochloride, Lorlatinib, and Crizotinib are pivotal in treating neuroblastoma. These agents inhibit pathways such as TrkA/B/C, ROS, and ALK, and the GD2 antigen. In addition to these therapies, phytochemicals have emerged as promising anticancer agents. Compounds such as quercetin, rutin, chalcone, gedunine, lycorine, withaferin A, and resveratrol have anti-cancer properties in preclinical models, targeting tumor growth and apoptosis pathways. These are improving the prevention of tumor growth through cross-reactions. Additional plant extracts have exhibited activity against neuroblastoma. This review highlights the synergistic potential of FDA-approved drugs and plant-derived phytoconstituents in improving neuroblastoma treatment outcomes.
神经母细胞瘤（NB）是一种在未成熟神经细胞中形成的实体儿科肿瘤。通常影响肾上腺、脊髓或颈部。这种癌症在五岁以下儿童中很常见，占该年龄组癌症相关死亡人数的15%以上。低风险肿瘤可通过手术治疗，中风险肿瘤需要手术和化疗，高风险肿瘤则需要放疗。通过美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的药物和植物衍生化合物在治疗方面取得了进展。FDA批准的药物如恩曲替尼、地努图希单抗、尤尼他辛、阿霉素盐酸盐、劳拉替尼和克唑替尼在治疗神经母细胞瘤方面起着关键作用。这些药物可抑制TrkA/B/C、ROS和ALK等信号通路以及GD2抗原。除了这些疗法外，植物化学物质已成为有前景的抗癌药物。槲皮素、芦丁、查尔酮、格杜宁、石蒜碱、吴茱萸次碱A和白藜芦醇等化合物在临床前模型中具有抗癌特性，可靶向肿瘤生长和凋亡通路。这些通过交叉反应改善了对肿瘤生长的预防作用。其他植物提取物也表现出对神经母细胞瘤的活性。本综述强调了FDA批准药物与植物衍生的植物成分在改善神经母细胞瘤治疗效果方面的协同潜力。
