Xu Rui-Chen, Zhang Yan-Wu, Liu Cui-Cui, Xu Ying-Ying, Shao Zhi-Ming, Yu Ke-Da
Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2024 Sep 19;57:101180. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101180. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, cancer vaccines, and other modalities, represents a significant advancement in cancer treatment. Breast cancer, traditionally considered less amenable to immunotherapy, has demonstrated responsiveness to immunotherapy when combined with conventional treatment options. These integrative strategies enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy, bringing hope to patients. Furthermore, precision therapies guided by predictive biomarkers refine the scope of breast cancer immunotherapy and broaden its advantages. Notably, it is essential to recognise the differences in breast cancer epidemiology, clinical outcomes, and molecular signatures between Asian populations and those in Europe and North America. These include a higher proportion of premenopausal patients and variation in subtype distribution and gene mutation profiles, underscoring the importance of considering racial specificity in immunotherapy. Clinical efforts in Asia, supported by ethnicity-specific studies, indigenous immunotherapeutic agents, and precision medicine informed by predictive biomarkers, provide tailored treatment options. This review aims to present an overview of breast cancer immunotherapy while address the racial specificity to inform its application for Asian patients.
免疫疗法，包括免疫检查点抑制剂、过继性细胞疗法、癌症疫苗及其他方式，是癌症治疗领域的一项重大进展。乳腺癌传统上被认为对免疫疗法不太敏感，但与传统治疗方案联合使用时已显示出对免疫疗法的反应性。这些综合策略提高了免疫疗法的有效性，给患者带来了希望。此外，由预测性生物标志物指导的精准疗法优化了乳腺癌免疫疗法的范围并扩大了其优势。值得注意的是，必须认识到亚洲人群与欧美人群在乳腺癌流行病学、临床结果和分子特征方面的差异。这些差异包括绝经前患者比例较高以及亚型分布和基因突变谱的变化，这凸显了在免疫疗法中考虑种族特异性的重要性。在针对特定种族的研究、本土免疫治疗药物以及由预测性生物标志物指导的精准医学的支持下，亚洲的临床工作提供了量身定制的治疗方案。本综述旨在概述乳腺癌免疫疗法，同时探讨种族特异性，以为其在亚洲患者中的应用提供参考。
