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利用耐逆性指标评估古代印度矮小麦圆粒小麦的耐热性和耐旱性。

Evaluating heat and drought resilience in ancient Indian Dwarf wheat Triticum sphaerococcum Percival using stress tolerance indices.

作者信息

Gaikwad Kiran B, Mazumder Amit Kumar, Kumar Manjeet, Singh Akash, Ansari Rihan, Saifi Nasreen, Joshi Monika A, Babu Prashanth, Vikas V K, Singh Sanjay Kumar, Yadav Rajbir

机构信息

Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.

Acharya Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, 224229, Uttar Pradesh, India.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 May 30;15(1):18970. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02502-0.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-02502-0
PMID:40447645
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12125181/
Abstract

This study is the first to characterize the ancient wheat landrace Triticum sphaerococcum for drought and heat tolerance indices. A total of 116 T. sphaerococcum accessions and 6 bread wheat cultivars were evaluated under terminal heat (late sowing) and drought (restricted irrigation) stress during the 2021-22 (CS1) and 2022-23 (CS2) cropping seasons. Significant genotypic variation for stress indices was observed. T. sphaerococcum exhibited smaller yield declines under stress compared to bread wheat. In CS1, 57% of the accessions showed drought tolerance, and 63% exhibited heat tolerance. In CS2, 30 out of 45 accessions displayed tolerance to drought (SSI_D: 0.29-0.99), and 24 accessions showed tolerance to heat (SSI_H: 0.50-0.99). Correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between the stress susceptibility indices (SSI, SSPI) and grain yield under stress, while yield index (YI), mean productivity (MP), geometric mean (GMP), harmonic mean (HM), and mean relative performance (MRP) showed a positive correlation. Using principal component, biplot, and cluster analyses, it was found that accessions TS49 and TS27 did best in drought stress and TS49, TS61, and PAUTS16 did best in heat stress. These ancient wheat accessions represent valuable genetic resources for breeding stress-tolerant wheat cultivars and enhancing genetic diversity.

摘要

本研究首次对古老的小麦地方品种印度圆粒小麦的耐旱性和耐热性指标进行了表征。在2021 - 2022年（CS1）和2022 - 2023年（CS2）种植季节，对总共116份印度圆粒小麦种质和6个面包小麦品种在终花期高温（晚播）和干旱（限水灌溉）胁迫下进行了评估。观察到胁迫指标存在显著的基因型变异。与面包小麦相比，印度圆粒小麦在胁迫下产量下降较小。在CS1中，57%的种质表现出耐旱性，63%表现出耐热性。在CS2中，45份种质中的30份表现出耐旱性（SSI_D：0.29 - 0.99），24份种质表现出耐热性（SSI_H：0.50 - 0.99）。相关性分析表明，胁迫敏感指数（SSI、SSPI）与胁迫下的籽粒产量呈负相关，而产量指数（YI）、平均生产力（MP）、几何平均数（GMP）、调和平均数（HM）和平均相对表现（MRP）呈正相关。通过主成分分析、双标图分析和聚类分析发现，种质TS49和TS27在干旱胁迫下表现最佳，TS49、TS61和PAUTS16在热胁迫下表现最佳。这些古老的小麦种质是培育耐胁迫小麦品种和增强遗传多样性的宝贵遗传资源。

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Natural variation of STKc_GSK3 kinase TaSG-D1 contributes to heat stress tolerance in Indian dwarf wheat.
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Nat Commun. 2024 Mar 7;15(1):2097. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46419-0.
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Combining Genetic and Phenotypic Analyses for Detecting Bread Wheat Genotypes of Drought Tolerance through Multivariate Analysis Techniques.结合遗传和表型分析，通过多变量分析技术检测面包小麦耐旱基因型
Life (Basel). 2024 Jan 25;14(2):183. doi: 10.3390/life14020183.
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