Barnett Tracey E, Choi Aro N, Gimeno Ruiz de Porras David
Department of Quantitative and Qualitative Health Sciences, UT School of Public Health San Antonio, UT Health San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, UT School of Public Health San Antonio, UT Health San Antonio, 8403 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 30;15(1):19087. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-03756-4.
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure remains a preventable cause of illness and death worldwide. Tobacco smoke bans reduce exposure, but enforcement in Central America has been slow. Workplaces can reduce ETS impact through policies. This study assessed ETS exposure across various industries in Central America. Data were drawn from II Central American Working Conditions and Health Survey administered between February and June of 2018. The prevalence of ETS and 95% CIs were calculated. Survey-weighted logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations of exposure to ETS with industry, socio-demographics, and working conditions. Among the 9,032 workers studied, 61.3% were male, 43.8% were aged 25-45, and 32.4% worked in agriculture. ETS exposure was highest in the transportation industry (40.1%) and lowest in education/healthcare (11.5%). Males (OR = 1.33; 95%CI: 1.01-1.76), workers with high psychological demands (OR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.49-2.47), and current smokers (OR = 4.46; 95%CI: 3.27-6.08) had higher odds of ETS exposure. Exposure to ETS in Central American workplaces remains high, varying by industry. Despite policy changes in the region, the high ETS exposure indicates weak enforcement.
在全球范围内，接触环境烟草烟雾（ETS）仍是一个可预防的致病和致死原因。烟草烟雾禁令可减少接触，但在中美洲，禁令的执行一直很缓慢。工作场所可通过政策来降低ETS的影响。本研究评估了中美洲各行业的ETS接触情况。数据取自2018年2月至6月进行的第二次中美洲工作条件与健康调查。计算了ETS的患病率及95%置信区间。使用调查加权逻辑回归模型来估计ETS接触与行业、社会人口统计学和工作条件之间的关联。在研究的9032名工人中，61.3%为男性，43.8%年龄在25至45岁之间，32.4%从事农业工作。ETS接触在运输行业最高（40.1%），在教育/医疗行业最低（11.5%）。男性（比值比[OR]=1.33；95%置信区间：1.01-1.76）、心理需求高的工人（OR=1.92；95%置信区间：1.49-2.47）以及当前吸烟者（OR=4.46；95%置信区间：3.27-6.08）接触ETS的几率更高。中美洲工作场所的ETS接触率仍然很高，因行业而异。尽管该地区政策有所变化，但ETS接触率居高不下表明执行力度薄弱。
