Wang Ruixuan, Wang Juan, Tang Daguang, Li Bing, Huang Jianjian, Lin Xiaozhi, Li Yun, Xu Wenju, Gao Weifeng, Wang Jiangyong, Zhu Hui
Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China.
Guangzhou Jirui Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 511458, China.
AMB Express. 2025 May 31;15(1):87. doi: 10.1186/s13568-025-01885-7.
Probiotic treatment is an effective method for enhancing growth performance and improving intestinal flora in aquaculture species. This study examined the effects of three candidate-probiotics (Bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, and Lactobacillus) on the rate of weight gain and the intestinal flora of abalone juveniles. Haliotis diversicolor was fed a probiotic-supplemented diet for 30 days. The abalones fed with Lactobacillus showed a more significant weight gain rate than those in the Bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, and control groups. Through 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, 12,490 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were obtained from the abalone intestinal tract microbiome. After a short feeding period (5 days), the Bacillus and photosynthetic bacteria-treated groups showed an increased abundance of Proteobacteria in the abalone digestive tract. In the Lactobacillus-treated group, the quantity of Proteobacteria decreased, and the abundance of Bacteroidota increased. After 30 days of feeding, the abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes at the phylum level was more significant in the Bacillus-treated group and photosynthetic bacteria-treated group than in the controls. The Lactobacillus-treated group showed an increase in the quantity of Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi. The dominant flora of the three probiotic treated groups changed slightly with respect to the control group. After a short period of feeding (5 days), the abundance of Rhodobacteraceae (at the genus level) in the abalone digestive tract increased in the Bacillus- and photosynthetic bacteria-treated groups, whereas in the Lactobacillus-treated group, Rhodobacteraceae decreased, and Maribacter increased in abundance. After 30 days of feeding, Bacteroidetes and Ruegeria were higher in the Bacillus-treated group than in the control group. Marinirhabdus and Bacteroidetes increased in the photosynthetic bacteria-treated group, and Roseivivax and Ruegeria increased in the Lactobacillus-treated group. The three probiotic-treated groups had higher microbial diversity than the control group. Therefore, our findings confirmed that adding Bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, and Lactobacillus to the abalone diet increased abalones' weight gain rate and altered their intestinal microbiome composition.
益生菌处理是提高水产养殖品种生长性能和改善肠道菌群的有效方法。本研究考察了三种候选益生菌（芽孢杆菌、光合细菌和乳酸菌）对鲍鱼幼体增重率和肠道菌群的影响。将杂色鲍投喂添加益生菌的饲料30天。投喂乳酸菌的鲍鱼增重率比投喂芽孢杆菌、光合细菌的组以及对照组更显著。通过16S rRNA高通量测序，从鲍鱼肠道微生物组中获得了12490个扩增子序列变体（ASV）。在短时间投喂期（5天）后，芽孢杆菌和光合细菌处理组的鲍鱼消化道中变形菌门丰度增加。在乳酸菌处理组中，变形菌门数量减少，拟杆菌门丰度增加。投喂30天后，芽孢杆菌处理组和光合细菌处理组在门水平上的变形菌门和拟杆菌门丰度比对照组更显著。乳酸菌处理组的变形菌门和绿弯菌门数量增加。三个益生菌处理组的优势菌群相对于对照组略有变化。在短时间投喂期（5天）后，芽孢杆菌和光合细菌处理组的鲍鱼消化道中红杆菌科（属水平）丰度增加，而在乳酸菌处理组中，红杆菌科减少，海杆菌属丰度增加。投喂30天后，芽孢杆菌处理组的拟杆菌门和鲁杰氏菌属高于对照组。光合细菌处理组中海滨嗜盐碱杆菌属和拟杆菌门增加，乳酸菌处理组中玫瑰活球菌属和鲁杰氏菌属增加。三个益生菌处理组的微生物多样性高于对照组。因此，我们的研究结果证实，在鲍鱼饲料中添加芽孢杆菌、光合细菌和乳酸菌可提高鲍鱼的增重率并改变其肠道微生物组组成。
